Eguchi M, Tanaka K
Department of Cancer Cytogenetics, Hiroshima University.
Rinsho Byori. 1996 Jun;44(6):541-7.
In hematologic malignancies activation of oncogenes or inactivation of tumor suppressor genes are thought to be responsible for its carcinogenesis, just like other solid tumors. As these genetic changes are detected as chromosome abnormalities, cytogenetic analysis has been used as a tool for diagnosis and follow up after therapy. The fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) method is a new technic which enables us to detect genetic changes both in mitotic and interphase cells. It is a useful method in the clinical field which covers the disadvantages in cytogenetic analysis, RT-PCR and Southern blotting. We practically used the FISH method in diagnosis and follow-up observation of minimal residual disease in several kinds of hematologic malignancies. By the morphology-FISH method, the relationship between cell morphology and genetic changes could be analyzed simultaneously. The FISH method was also applied to probe mapping to identify a novel breakpoint cluster region in the 11q23 area in adult hematological disease. FISH method is a rapid and powerful tool both in clinical and basic study in hematologic disorders.
与其他实体瘤一样，血液系统恶性肿瘤的致癌机制被认为是癌基因激活或抑癌基因失活。由于这些基因变化可被检测为染色体异常，细胞遗传学分析已被用作诊断工具及治疗后的随访手段。荧光原位杂交（FISH）技术是一种新技术，它使我们能够在有丝分裂细胞和间期细胞中检测基因变化。在临床领域，它是一种有用的方法，弥补了细胞遗传学分析、逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）和Southern印迹法的不足。我们在几种血液系统恶性肿瘤的诊断及微小残留病的随访观察中实际应用了FISH技术。通过形态学-FISH方法，可以同时分析细胞形态与基因变化之间的关系。FISH技术还应用于探针定位，以确定成人血液疾病11q23区域的一个新的断裂点簇区域。FISH技术在血液系统疾病的临床和基础研究中都是一种快速且强大的工具。
