Banton T, Bertenthal B I
Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville 22903, USA.
Vision Res. 1996 Jun;36(11):1633-40. doi: 10.1016/0042-6989(95)00216-2.
Uniform motion across the retina is a powerful cue to the perception of self-motion. In spite of its importance for adaptive functioning, little is known about the early development of uniform motion sensitivity. Six-, 12-, and 18-week-old infants viewed random-dot kinematograms depicting leftward or rightward uniform motion. The display induced optokinetic nystagmus (OKN), which a trained observer used to judge the direction of target motion. Both speed of motion and directional coherence were varied to obtain independent motion detection thresholds. Infants of all three ages could detect uniform motion, and their detection thresholds were constant during this period of development. This is in contrast to the clear improvements in relative motion sensitivity noted previously between 6 and 18 weeks of age with a preferential looking (PL) paradigm. The developmental differences between these studies may result from: (1) separate mechanisms for detecting uniform (absolute) and differential (relative) motion; or (2) separate mechanisms underlying OKN and PL response measures.
视网膜上的匀速运动是自我运动感知的有力线索。尽管它对适应性功能很重要，但人们对匀速运动敏感性的早期发展知之甚少。6周、12周和18周大的婴儿观看了描绘向左或向右匀速运动的随机点运动图。该显示屏诱发了视动性眼震（OKN），一位经过训练的观察者用它来判断目标运动的方向。运动速度和方向连贯性都有所变化，以获得独立的运动检测阈值。所有三个年龄段的婴儿都能检测到匀速运动，并且在这个发育阶段他们的检测阈值是恒定的。这与之前使用优先注视（PL）范式在6至18周龄之间观察到的相对运动敏感性的明显改善形成对比。这些研究之间的发育差异可能源于：（1）检测匀速（绝对）运动和差异（相对）运动的不同机制；或（2）OKN和PL反应测量背后的不同机制。
