Coherence thresholds for discrimination of motion direction in infants.

The sensitivity of 3-month-old infants to direction of motion in random-dot patterns was assessed by measuring coherence thresholds for the discrimination of a pattern, in which opposite directions were segregated into alternate horizontal strips, from an unsegregated pattern. The coherently moving dots had a displacement size of 0.16 deg (velocity 8 deg/sec), and their direction of motion reversed periodically. For both infants and an adult subject coherence thresholds decreased with increasing height of the segregated strips, and with increasing duration of the interval between direction reversals. However the infants required larger minimum heights and longer minimum durations in order to extract motion direction. Even under the best conditions infants were markedly less sensitive, with coherence thresholds of around 50%, compared with 5-7% for the adult. In addition, within the group of infants coherence thresholds were negatively correlated with age. This developmental increase in motion sensitivity at an intermediate velocity suggests that a large part of the improvement in upper and lower velocity thresholds during development is a result of a uniform increase in sensitivity across all velocities, though the results do not rule out additional specific improvements in sensitivity at the extremes of the velocity range.