Clatterbuck R E, Price D L, Koliatsos V E
Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.
J Comp Neurol. 1996 Jun 10;369(4):543-51. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9861(19960610)369:4<543::AID-CNE5>3.0.CO;2-4.
Ciliary neurotrophic factor is a cytokine that has effects on neuronal survival and phenotype in vitro and in vivo. Ciliary neurotrophic factor has also been shown to have effects on microglia and oligodendrocytes in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we demonstrate in vivo effects of ciliary neurotrophic factor on astrocytes in both the injured and uninjured central nervous system. Ciliary neurotrophic factor increases the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein and induces concomitant morphological changes in central nervous system astrocytes. Messenger RNA for both ciliary neurotrophic factor and the alpha-component of the ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor is demonstrated in the optic nerve, an essentially pure population of central nervous system glia. We also report here that the promoter region of the glial fibrillary acidic protein gene contains sequences thought to confer direct ciliary neurotrophic factor modulation of glial fibrillary acidic protein gene transcription. Although it is thought that astrocytes are a source of endogenous ciliary neurotrophic factor in the central nervous system and that neurons express the alpha-component of the ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor, the results of the present investigation suggest that astrocytes themselves respond to ciliary neurotrophic factor and that ciliary neurotrophic factor may also be important in glial cell-cell interactions.
睫状神经营养因子是一种细胞因子，在体外和体内对神经元的存活及表型均有影响。睫状神经营养因子在体外和体内对小胶质细胞和少突胶质细胞也有作用。在本研究中，我们证明了睫状神经营养因子在体内对受伤和未受伤的中枢神经系统中的星形胶质细胞均有影响。睫状神经营养因子可增加胶质纤维酸性蛋白的表达，并诱导中枢神经系统星形胶质细胞发生相应的形态变化。在视神经中可检测到睫状神经营养因子及其受体α亚基的信使核糖核酸，视神经主要由中枢神经系统胶质细胞组成。我们在此还报告，胶质纤维酸性蛋白基因的启动子区域含有一些序列，这些序列被认为可赋予睫状神经营养因子对胶质纤维酸性蛋白基因转录的直接调节作用。尽管一般认为星形胶质细胞是中枢神经系统内源性睫状神经营养因子的来源，且神经元表达睫状神经营养因子受体的α亚基，但本研究结果表明，星形胶质细胞自身对睫状神经营养因子有反应，且睫状神经营养因子在胶质细胞间相互作用中可能也很重要。
