Ahmed E S, Daffalla A, Christensen N O, Madsen H
National Health Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Khartoum, Sudan.
Ann Trop Med Parasitol. 1996 Apr;90(2):173-80. doi: 10.1080/00034983.1996.11813041.
The overall prevalences of infection with Schistosoma mansoni, S. haematobium or both species among 6122 children from 27 schools in the former White Nile Province of Sudan (now divided into the Kosti, El Getaina, El Gebelein and El Duem Provinces) were 10.1%, 21.4% and 4.5%, respectively. Geometric mean egg counts in the pure S. mansoni and pure S. haematobium infections were 97.7 eggs/g faeces and 12.9 eggs/10 ml urine, respectively. There were marked differences in levels of endemicity between provinces and also between schools within each province. School-specific prevalences and intensities of infection were positively correlated, both for S. mansoni and for S. haematobium. Prevalences and intensities of infection were generally similar in male and female subjects and in the different age groups into which they were split (i.e. 5-9, 10-14 and 15-19 years). Community-based surveys of all age groups in two villages showed typical patterns of infections with S. mansoni and S. haematobium, with indices peaking in those aged 10-19 years, both in males and females. Observations on snail-related aspects of transmission revealed that transmission of both S. mansoni and S. haematobium was highly focal and also seasonal, taking place during the hot, dry and post-rainy seasons.
在苏丹前白尼罗河省（现分为科斯蒂省、埃尔盖塔伊纳省、埃尔盖贝莱因省和埃尔杜姆省）27所学校的6122名儿童中，曼氏血吸虫、埃及血吸虫或两种血吸虫混合感染的总体患病率分别为10.1%、21.4%和4.5%。单纯曼氏血吸虫感染和单纯埃及血吸虫感染的几何平均虫卵计数分别为97.7个虫卵/克粪便和12.9个虫卵/10毫升尿液。各省之间以及每个省内不同学校之间的地方流行程度存在显著差异。曼氏血吸虫和埃及血吸虫的学校特异性感染率和感染强度均呈正相关。男性和女性受试者以及按年龄划分的不同年龄组（即5 - 9岁、10 - 14岁和15 - 19岁）的感染率和感染强度总体相似。对两个村庄所有年龄组进行的社区调查显示出曼氏血吸虫和埃及血吸虫感染的典型模式，感染指数在10 - 19岁年龄组的男性和女性中均达到峰值。对与钉螺相关的传播方面的观察表明，曼氏血吸虫和埃及血吸虫的传播都具有高度的局限性且具有季节性，发生在炎热、干燥和雨后季节。
