Baumann M, Pommier J, Deschamps J P
Ecole de Santé Publique, Faculté de Médecine, Nancy.
Cah Sociol Demogr Med. 1996 Jan-Mar;36(1):63-78.
In health sociology and social epidemiology the gender-related differences in psychotropic drug consumption and prescription have not been throughly investigated. The objective of this review of literature is to analyze women's attitudes and behaviour in psychotropic drug consumption, the cultural influence of the patient's role in the doctor-female patient relation. The family, the society and the cultural aspects related to the role of the patient appear to be factors that strengthen the females' behaviour concerning psychotropic drugs. Results reflect that women consume more psychotropic drugs than men do; when they consult, they obtain them more frequently than men do; and doctors prescribe psychotropic drugs more often to women than to men. However many questions persist about the physicians' role: are the differences in prescriber's attitudes and practices related to their gender or to their patients' gender? Do women doctors prescribe more psychotropic drugs than male doctors? Do the former prescribe more to women than to men? If that is the case, what are the social and cultural reasons that account for this difference? Does a specific socialisation of the two genders account majoritarily for this difference?
在健康社会学和社会流行病学领域，精神药物消费和处方方面与性别相关的差异尚未得到充分研究。本文献综述的目的是分析女性在精神药物消费方面的态度和行为，以及患者角色在医患（医生 - 女性患者）关系中的文化影响。与患者角色相关的家庭、社会和文化因素似乎是强化女性在精神药物方面行为的因素。结果表明，女性比男性消费更多的精神药物；就诊时，她们比男性更频繁地获得精神药物；医生给女性开精神药物的频率也高于男性。然而，关于医生的角色仍存在许多问题：开处方者的态度和做法差异是与其性别还是患者性别有关？女医生比男医生开更多的精神药物吗？前者给女性开的药比给男性开的多吗？如果是这样，造成这种差异的社会和文化原因是什么？两种性别的特定社会化在很大程度上是造成这种差异的原因吗？
