Morrison S C, Mody G M, Benatar S R, Meyers O L
Rheumatic Diseases Unit, Groote Schuur Hospital.
S Afr Med J. 1996 Jul;86(7):829-33.
To determine the prevalence and spectrum of pulmonary abnormalities in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in a developing country.
This was a prospective hospital-based survey of a randomly selected group of patients with RA who were seen in a rheumatic diseases unit.
Groote Schuur Hospital and Princess Alice Orthopaedic Hospital, Cape Town.
A group of 104 patients with RA were randomly selected from a total of 330 patients with RA who were seen in the rheumatic diseases unit. All the patients were interviewed and a clinical assessment, chest radiographs and pulmonary function tests were performed.
Fifty-six patients (53.8%) had evidence of one or more current or previous pulmonary diseases: rheumatoid nodule in 1 (1%), bronchiectasis in 2 (1.9%), fibrosing alveolitis in 5 (4.8%), pneumonia in 5 (4.8%), asthma in 9 (8.7%), pleural disease in 17 (16.3%) and tuberculosis in 25 (24%). Excluding patients who were smokers or ex-smokers or who had coexistent pulmonary disease, there were 20 patients (19.2%) who had pulmonary abnormalities that could be attributed to RA: rheumatoid nodule in 1 (1%), fibrosing alveolitis in 5 (4.8%) (1 of whom also had pleural disease), pleural disease alone in 8 (7.7%), diffusion defect in 5 (4.8%) and airways obstruction in 1 (1%).
This study provides clinical and lung function criteria that allow a clinically useful stratification of abnormalities in relation to a spectrum of common causes of pulmonary dysfunction that need to be distinguished from pulmonary abnormalities caused by RA. Pulmonary abnormalities are common and about 20% of RA patients may have an abnormality related to RA.
确定在一个发展中国家类风湿关节炎（RA）患者肺部异常的患病率及类型。
这是一项基于医院的前瞻性调查，对在风湿病科就诊的一组随机选择的RA患者进行研究。
开普敦的格罗特舒尔医院和爱丽丝公主骨科医院。
从风湿病科就诊的330例RA患者中随机选取104例。对所有患者进行了访谈，并进行了临床评估、胸部X线片和肺功能测试。
56例患者（53.8%）有证据表明存在一种或多种当前或既往肺部疾病：类风湿结节1例（1%），支气管扩张2例（1.9%），纤维性肺泡炎5例（4.8%），肺炎5例（4.8%），哮喘9例（8.7%），胸膜疾病17例（16.3%），结核病25例（24%）。排除吸烟者、已戒烟者或合并肺部疾病的患者后，有20例患者（19.2%）的肺部异常可归因于RA：类风湿结节1例（1%），纤维性肺泡炎5例（4.8%）（其中1例也有胸膜疾病），单纯胸膜疾病8例（7.7%），弥散功能障碍5例（4.8%），气道阻塞1例（1%）。
本研究提供了临床和肺功能标准，可根据一系列常见的肺功能障碍原因对异常情况进行临床上有用的分层，这些原因需要与RA引起的肺部异常相区分。肺部异常很常见，约20%的RA患者可能有与RA相关的异常。
