Massive verapamil overdose complicated by noncardiogenic pulmonary edema.

We describe two cases of pulmonary edema, bradycardia, and hypotension associated with massive verapamil overdose. A noncardiogenic etiology of the pulmonary edema was indicated in one patient by normal thermodilution cardiac output and pulmonary artery occlusion pressure, and in the other patient by a normal echocardiogram. We hypothesize that calcium channel blocker overdose predisposes patients to develop pulmonary edema.