Epstein S, Pacini R, Denes-Raj V, Heier H
Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst 01003, USA.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1996 Aug;71(2):390-405. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.71.2.390.
Two studies provide evidence for the reliability and validity of a new self-report measure of individual differences in intuitive-experiential and analytical-rational thinking based on cognitive-experiential self-theory (CEST). The Rational-Experiential Inventory (REI) was constructed to measure the 2 independent processing modes with a modified Need for Cognition Scale (NFC, J.T. Cacioppo & R.E. Petty, 1982) and a new scale, Faith in Intuition (FI). In Study 1, a factor analysis yielded 2 orthogonal factors corresponding to NFC and FI. Although heuristic processing was determined primarily by FI, NFC also contributed to heuristic responding, in line with CEST. The relation of FI and NFC to coping ability also was examined. In Study 2, the factor structure of the REI was replicated (N = 973). NFC and FI were differentially related to measures of personality, adjustment, achievement, and interpersonal relations.
两项研究为一种基于认知体验自我理论（CEST）的、用于测量直觉体验式与分析理性思维中个体差异的新的自我报告测量方法的信效度提供了证据。理性体验量表（REI）旨在通过一个经过修改的认知需求量表（NFC，J.T. 卡乔波和R.E. 佩蒂，1982）以及一个新量表——直觉信念（FI）来测量这两种独立的加工模式。在研究1中，一项因素分析得出了两个与NFC和FI相对应的正交因素。尽管启发式加工主要由FI决定，但NFC也对启发式反应有贡献，这与CEST一致。同时还考察了FI和NFC与应对能力的关系。在研究2中，对REI的因素结构进行了重复验证（N = 973）。NFC和FI与人格、适应、成就及人际关系的测量指标存在不同程度的相关。
