Kind B, Krähenbúhl S, Wyss P A, Meier-Abt P J
Schweizerisches Toxikologisches Informationszentrum (STIZ), Departement Innere Medizin, Universitätsspital Zürich.
Praxis (Bern 1994). 1996 Aug 2;85(31-32):935-8.
There are currently three protocols used for the administration of N-acetylcysteine in the treatment of acute paracetamol poisoning. In the USA only the oral protocol is approved, while in Europe an intravenous protocol is used. If treatment is started within 10 h. after paracetamol ingestion, all three protocols appear to be equally effective. If treatment is started 10 to 24 h. after the ingestion, the oral protocol and the Smilkstein protocol appear to be superior to the Prescott protocol. N-acetylcysteine is effective also when started more than 15 h after the ingestion. Patients who present with liver failure after paracetamol poisoning should be treated with a prolonged course of N-acetylcysteine.
目前有三种用于治疗对乙酰氨基酚急性中毒的N-乙酰半胱氨酸给药方案。在美国，仅口服方案被批准，而在欧洲则使用静脉注射方案。如果在摄入对乙酰氨基酚后10小时内开始治疗，所有三种方案似乎同样有效。如果在摄入后10至24小时开始治疗，口服方案和斯米尔斯坦方案似乎优于普雷斯科特方案。即使在摄入后超过15小时开始使用，N-乙酰半胱氨酸也是有效的。对乙酰氨基酚中毒后出现肝衰竭的患者应接受延长疗程的N-乙酰半胱氨酸治疗。
