Howard K, Marinovitch Z
Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA.
Acta Psychiatr Belg. 1996 May-Aug;96(3-4):154-70.
Cost-benefit analyses to translate treatment costs and effects into monetary units. For a cost-benefit analyses of psychotherapy data, direct costs can be most easily and reliably estimated; but indirect costs of treatment and the effects of treatment are difficult to estimate. Among these are such considerations as lost pay, disruption of relationships, embarrassment and anxiety. There are also costs associated with not having treatment--e.g., compromise of personal and familial immunologic systems, lost productivity. But, for the sake of simplicity, we focus on the direct monetary costs of treatment. We have developed theoretical frameworks--the dosage and phase models--within which to approach a cost-benefit analysis of psychotherapy. The dosage model specifies a lawful relationship between number of sessions and therapeutic benefit. The phase model utilizes a three-component conception of psychotherapy--remoralization, remediation, and rehabilitation--and allows for differential cost-benefit analyses for specific therapeutic benefits.
成本效益分析旨在将治疗成本和效果转化为货币单位。对于心理治疗数据的成本效益分析，直接成本最容易且可靠地估计；但治疗的间接成本和治疗效果则难以估计。其中包括诸如工资损失、人际关系中断、尴尬和焦虑等因素。不接受治疗也会产生成本，例如个人和家庭免疫系统受损、生产力损失。但是，为了简单起见，我们专注于治疗的直接货币成本。我们已经开发了理论框架——剂量模型和阶段模型——用于进行心理治疗的成本效益分析。剂量模型规定了治疗次数与治疗效益之间的法定关系。阶段模型采用心理治疗的三部分概念——重塑道德、修复和康复——并允许针对特定治疗效益进行差异化的成本效益分析。
