DuPont R L, Rice D P, Miller L S, Shiraki S S, Rowland C R, Harwood H J
Institute for Behavior and Health, Inc., Rockville, Maryland 20852, USA.
Anxiety. 1996;2(4):167-72. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1522-7154(1996)2:4<167::AID-ANXI2>3.0.CO;2-L.
Anxiety disorders are estimated to affect 26.9 million individuals in the United States at some point during their lives. This study used the human capital approach to estimate the direct and indirect costs of these highly prevalent disorders. In 1990, costs associated with anxiety disorders were $46.6 billion, 31.5% of total expenditures for mental illness. Less than one-quarter of costs associated with anxiety disorders were for direct medical treatment; over three-quarters were attributable to lost or reduced productivity. Most of these indirect costs were associated with morbidity, as mortality accounted for just 2.7% of the total. Greater availability of effective, relatively low-cost outpatient treatment could substantially reduce the economic and social burden of these common and often crippling disorders.
据估计，在美国，一生中某个阶段受焦虑症影响的人数达2690万。本研究采用人力资本法来估算这些高发性疾病的直接和间接成本。1990年，与焦虑症相关的成本为466亿美元，占精神疾病总支出的31.5%。与焦虑症相关的成本中，不到四分之一用于直接医疗治疗；超过四分之三归因于生产力损失或下降。这些间接成本大多与发病率相关，因为死亡率仅占总数的2.7%。更广泛地提供有效且成本相对较低的门诊治疗，可大幅减轻这些常见且往往致残疾病的经济和社会负担。
