Wetzels P, Greve W
Kriminologisches Forschungsinstitut Niedersachsen e. V., Hannover.
Z Gerontol Geriatr. 1996 May-Jun;29(3):191-200.
After a brief discussion of methodological and conceptional problems characterizing the present state of research on abuse of the elderly, results of a representative German victimization survey (n = 5711) are presented. Results show that although victimization risks generally decrease by age, intrafamily violence against elderly is more prevalent than conventional violent street crimes. Since the age-related decrease of victimization risks is more pronounced for violent victimization outside the family, the relative importance of the family-setting for violent victimization increases, i.e., most violent crimes against elderly people are committed by family and household members. Furthermore, the analysis of measures of depression and well-being reveals that intrafamily violence is at least as stressing as extrafamily violence. Based on the 1-year prevalence rate for 1991 computed for the sample under study, a conservative estimate yields a minimum victimization rate of 3.1%. Taking into account the total population of the respective age group, this leads to the estimation that every year about 340 000 people aged 60 to 75 are victims of violent acts by family and household members.
在简要讨论了表征当前老年人虐待研究现状的方法和概念问题之后，本文展示了一项具有代表性的德国受害情况调查（样本量n = 5711）的结果。结果表明，尽管受害风险总体上会随着年龄增长而降低，但针对老年人的家庭暴力比传统的街头暴力犯罪更为普遍。由于家庭外暴力受害风险随年龄增长的下降更为明显，家庭环境对于暴力受害的相对重要性增加，也就是说，大多数针对老年人的暴力犯罪是由家庭成员实施的。此外，对抑郁和幸福感指标的分析表明，家庭暴力造成的压力至少与家庭外暴力相当。根据所研究样本计算出的1991年1年患病率，保守估计得出的最低受害率为3.1%。考虑到相应年龄组的总人口，据此估计每年约有34万60至75岁的人成为家庭成员暴力行为的受害者。
