Weiss H, Düntsch U
St. Marienkrankenhaus Ludwigshafen, Med. Klinik.
Ultraschall Med. 1996 Jun;17(3):118-30. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-1003158.
In a follow-up survey of the members of the German Society for Ultrasound in Medicine (DEGUM), the use of several fine-needle puncture techniques as well as the frequency and nature of the complications were assessed.
A questionnaire was sent to all 3364 members of the society.
95070 fine-needle punctures were reported. Of these, 66379 were done to obtain cytological material (69.8%), 19633 (20.7%) to obtain histological material and 9057 (9.5%) for therapeutic reasons. 38.6% of the punctures were guided by ultrasound (i.e. performed without ultrasonic observation of the puncture process), 35.1% were conducted under ultrasonic view and 26.3% with a special puncture probe. The punctures for cytology were generally done without direct ultrasonic observation (45.6%); the punctures for histology were performed for the most part with puncture probes (56.7%). The therapeutic punctures were monitored with a puncture probe in 52.5%. In 95070 punctures, 765 complications were observed (0.81%), one death (0.0011%) and six metastases in the puncture canal (0.0063%); 0.71% slight and 0.095% severe complications were recorded. The punctures for cytology caused the fewest complications with 0.59%. Those for histology had a complication rate of 0.99% and the therapeutic punctures one of 1.98%. In comparison to our first survey in 1988, complications increased from 0.51% to 0.81% primarily because of increased slight complications, which rose from 0.44% to 0.71%. The severe complications rose from 0.057% to 0.095%. Deaths decreased from 0.0075% to 0.0011%. Metastases in the puncture canal were likewise observed more frequently than in the first survey (0.0063% versus 0.003%). The increase in frequency of complications was predominantly the result of a more careful registration, but also by a wider use of the techniques.
Ultrasonically guided fine-needle puncture is a method with a low rate of complications, but even this slightly invasive method requires stringent indications.
在对德国医学超声学会（DEGUM）成员的一项随访调查中，评估了几种细针穿刺技术的使用情况以及并发症的发生率和性质。
向该学会的所有3364名成员发送了一份问卷。
共报告了95070次细针穿刺。其中，66379次是为了获取细胞学材料（69.8%），19633次（20.7%）是为了获取组织学材料，9057次（9.5%）是出于治疗目的。38.6%的穿刺由超声引导（即穿刺过程未在超声观察下进行），35.1%在超声直视下进行，26.3%使用特殊穿刺探头。细胞学穿刺通常在无直接超声观察的情况下进行（45.6%）；组织学穿刺大多使用穿刺探头（56.7%）。52.5%的治疗性穿刺使用穿刺探头进行监测。在95070次穿刺中，观察到765例并发症（0.81%），1例死亡（0.0011%），穿刺通道内出现6例转移（0.0063%）；记录到0.71%为轻度并发症，0.095%为重度并发症。细胞学穿刺引起的并发症最少，为0.59%。组织学穿刺的并发症发生率为0.99%，治疗性穿刺为1.98%。与我们1988年的首次调查相比，并发症从0.51%增加到0.81%，主要是因为轻度并发症增加，从0.44%上升到0.71%。重度并发症从0.057%上升到0.095%。死亡率从0.0075%下降到0.0011%。穿刺通道内的转移也比首次调查时更频繁地被观察到（0.0063%对0.003%）。并发症发生率的增加主要是由于登记更加仔细，但也是由于技术的更广泛应用。
超声引导下细针穿刺是一种并发症发生率较低的方法，但即使是这种微创方法也需要严格的适应症。
