Knuiman M W, Welborn T A, Bartholomew H C
Department of Public Health, University of Western Australia, Perth.
Aust N Z J Public Health. 1996 Jun;20(3):241-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-842x.1996.tb01023.x.
Population-based epidemiological and health service utilisation information on diabetes and other noncommunicable diseases is still scarce in Australia. Such information is needed by health economists, policy makers and service providers. Data from the 1989-90 National Health Survey conducted by the Australian Bureau of Statistics have been used to obtain estimates of the prevalence of cardiovascular morbidity, life-style factors, use of hospital and medical services, and self-assessed health and happiness for Australian persons with diabetes. Prevalences are compared with those for persons without diabetes. Those with diabetes had two to three times the prevalence of most cardiovascular conditions, similar levels of exercise (except for diabetic women over 40 years of age who exercised less than their nondiabetic counterparts), lower levels of alcohol consumption (except for younger men, who had a similar frequency of heavy drinking as their nondiabetic peers), similar levels of smoking, a higher prevalence of overweight, and significantly greater frequency of hospital admissions, use of outpatient services and general practitioner consultations. About half of the people with diabetes assessed their health as good or excellent but 90 per cent stated that they were happy or very happy. No differences between diabetic people living in capital cities and other areas were found. These results have implications for education and life-style behaviour modification programs for people with diabetes. Research into the prevention and more effective management of diabetes and its complications is required in order to contain the escalating health care burden associated with diabetes in Australia.
在澳大利亚，基于人群的糖尿病及其他非传染性疾病的流行病学和卫生服务利用情况信息仍然匮乏。卫生经济学家、政策制定者和服务提供者需要此类信息。澳大利亚统计局开展的1989 - 1990年全国健康调查数据已被用于估算澳大利亚糖尿病患者的心血管疾病患病率、生活方式因素、医院和医疗服务利用情况，以及自我评估的健康状况和幸福感。并将这些患病率与非糖尿病患者的患病率进行了比较。糖尿病患者患大多数心血管疾病的患病率是正常人的两到三倍，运动水平相似（40岁以上的糖尿病女性除外，她们的运动量低于非糖尿病女性），酒精摄入量较低（年轻男性除外，他们酗酒的频率与非糖尿病同龄人相似），吸烟水平相似，超重患病率较高，住院、门诊服务和全科医生咨询的频率显著更高。约一半的糖尿病患者将自己的健康状况评为良好或优秀，但90%的患者表示自己很幸福或非常幸福。未发现生活在首府城市和其他地区的糖尿病患者之间存在差异。这些结果对糖尿病患者的教育和生活方式行为改变计划具有启示意义。为了控制澳大利亚与糖尿病相关的不断升级的医疗负担，需要对糖尿病及其并发症的预防和更有效的管理进行研究。
