Zakzouk S M, al-Muhaimeed H S
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, King Abdul Aziz University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 1996 Jan;34(1-2):75-85. doi: 10.1016/0165-5876(95)01254-0.
A survey was carried out to identify the prevalence and the aetiology of hearing impairment among infants and children at risk based on the criteria. Out of 6421 surveyed children. 1256 (19.6%) were found "at risk' for hearing impairment. Children with hearing impairment in this study were found to be 494 which represent 39.3% of the "at risk' children. We found 326 (66%) children had conductive hearing loss almost all associated with secretory otitis media (n = 232). Sensorineural hearing loss affected 168 (34%) children. Heredo-familial causes were responsible for about 111 (66.1%) cases. The detailed causes of conductive and sensorineural hearing loss are presented and compared with other studies in the literature. Conductive hearing impairment was mild in the majority of the cases n = 271, (83%), moderate in 55 (17%) cases. Sensorineural hearing loss was mild in 113 (67.3%), moderate in 32 (19%) and profound in 23 (13.7%) cases. A large scale Kingdom-wide study to focus on aetiology of deafness among Saudi infants and children to find out the extent of this problem is recommended.
根据这些标准开展了一项调查，以确定有风险的婴幼儿听力障碍的患病率和病因。在6421名接受调查的儿童中，发现1256名（19.6%）有听力障碍“风险”。本研究中发现有听力障碍的儿童为494名，占“有风险”儿童的39.3%。我们发现326名（66%）儿童患有传导性听力损失，几乎都与分泌性中耳炎有关（n = 232）。感音神经性听力损失影响了168名（34%）儿童。遗传-家族性病因约占111例（66.1%）。文中介绍了传导性和感音神经性听力损失的详细病因，并与文献中的其他研究进行了比较。大多数病例（n = 271，83%）的传导性听力障碍为轻度，55例（17%）为中度。感音神经性听力损失中，113例（67.3%）为轻度，32例（19%）为中度，23例（13.7%）为重度。建议在全国范围内开展一项大规模研究，重点关注沙特婴幼儿耳聋的病因，以了解这一问题的严重程度。
