Raadsheer M C, Kiliaridis S, Van Eijden T M, Van Ginkel F C, Prahl-Andersen B
Department of Orthodontics, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Arch Oral Biol. 1996 Apr;41(4):323-32. doi: 10.1016/0003-9969(95)00136-0.
It is widely accepted that an interaction exists between masticatory muscle function and craniofacial growth. In adults, correlations have been found between facial dimensions and jaw-muscle cross-sectional area, and between facial dimensions and masseter muscle thickness. Little is known about growth of the human masticatory muscles and its relation with facial dimensions at different ages. In 329 Greek individuals, aged 7-22 yr, masseter muscle thickness was measured by ultrasonography. Muscle thickness was related to age, stature and weight, and to facial dimensions, measured by means of anthropological calipers. Muscle thickness was statistically assessed by univariate analysis of variance, after the males and females had been divided into three age groups. Facial dimensions were assessed by multivariate analysis of variance, age being considered as a covariate. The relation between muscle thickness and facial dimensions was subjected to stepwise multiple regression analysis. Masseter muscle thickness increased with age in both sexes. No differences were found between the left- and right-hand side. For each age group (and corrected for stature and weight), males had significantly thicker masseters than females (p < 0.01). Variation in muscle size and facial dimensions mainly coincided with variation in age, stature and weight. Apart from these, muscle thickness showed a significantly negative relation with anterior facial height and mandibular length, and a significantly positive relation with intergonial width and bizygomatic facial width.
人们普遍认为咀嚼肌功能与颅面生长之间存在相互作用。在成年人中，已发现面部尺寸与颌面部肌肉横截面积之间以及面部尺寸与咬肌厚度之间存在相关性。关于人类咀嚼肌的生长及其在不同年龄段与面部尺寸的关系，人们了解甚少。在329名年龄在7至22岁的希腊个体中，通过超声测量咬肌厚度。肌肉厚度与年龄、身高和体重以及通过人体测量卡尺测量的面部尺寸相关。在将男性和女性分为三个年龄组后，通过单因素方差分析对肌肉厚度进行统计学评估。面部尺寸通过多因素方差分析进行评估，将年龄视为协变量。对肌肉厚度与面部尺寸之间的关系进行逐步多元回归分析。男女咬肌厚度均随年龄增加。左右两侧未发现差异。对于每个年龄组（并校正身高和体重），男性的咬肌明显比女性厚（p < 0.01）。肌肉大小和面部尺寸的变化主要与年龄、身高和体重的变化一致。除此之外，肌肉厚度与前面部高度和下颌长度呈显著负相关，与下颌角间宽度和颧骨间面部宽度呈显著正相关。
