Silverstein S M, Knight R A, Schwarzkopf S B, West L L, Osborn L M, Kamin D
Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester Medical Center, USA.
J Abnorm Psychol. 1996 Aug;105(3):410-20. doi: 10.1037//0021-843x.105.3.410.
Two studies assessed perceptual organization in schizophrenia to determine (a) whether inpatient and outpatient groups with poor premorbid schizophrenia have comparable levels of perceptual organization deficit; and (b) whether the deficit could be eliminated by task manipulations. In Study 1, inpatients demonstrated clear evidence of a perceptual organization deficit, whereas outpatients performed similarly to the control groups. In Study 2, a performance pattern that operationally defined a perceptual organization deficit was eliminated by a task manipulation thought to aid in context processing. The perceptual organization deficit is most pronounced in actively symptomatic patients with poor premorbid schizophrenia, and the deficit reflects, in part, deficient top-down influences to basic perceptual processes.
两项研究评估了精神分裂症患者的知觉组织能力，以确定：(a) 病前精神分裂症症状较轻的住院患者组和门诊患者组的知觉组织缺陷水平是否相当；以及 (b) 该缺陷是否可通过任务操作消除。在研究1中，住院患者表现出明显的知觉组织缺陷证据，而门诊患者的表现与对照组相似。在研究2中，一种在操作上定义为知觉组织缺陷的表现模式通过一种被认为有助于情境处理的任务操作而消除。知觉组织缺陷在病前精神分裂症症状较轻且处于症状活跃期的患者中最为明显，并且该缺陷部分反映了对基本知觉过程的自上而下影响不足。
