Matthes H F, Harrison G B, Shaw R J, Heath A C, Pfeffer A, Hiepe T H
AgResearch, Wallaceville Animal Research Centre, Upper Hutt, New Zealand.
Int J Parasitol. 1996 Apr;26(4):437-44. doi: 10.1016/0020-7519(96)00005-7.
For the development of immunodiagnostic tests to detect mange mite infections in man and animals, it is necessary to know about antigen structure and cross-reactivity between different mite species and other arthropods in contact with the host. Sera from sheep infected with Psoroptes ovis (sheep anti-P. ovis sera) showed positive reactions in dot blots to P. ovis antigen and cross-reactivity to crude antigen extracts from Sarcoptes suis, Notoedres cati and Chorioptes bovis. Using sheep Specific Pathogen Free (SPF) sera in dot blots, weak reactions were seen to all but the Ch. bovis antigen. In SDS PAGE-separated P. ovis antigens at least 35 different proteins could be distinguished. In western blots, at least 24 out of these 35 were recognized as antigens by sheep anti-P. ovis immunoglobulins. At least 13 were recognized by sheep anti-P. ovis IgE. One of these, at 19 kDa, was recognized only with sheep anti-P. ovis IgE, the other 12 also with anti-P. ovis immunoglobulins. Cross-reactive antigens were recognized by sheep anti-P. ovis immunoglobulins in SDS PAGE-separated, and nitrocellulose transferred mite extracts in western blots as follows: 13 antigens in S. suis extracts, 9 in N. cati and 8 in Ch. bovis. Sheep SPF sera recognized an antigen at 67 kDa in each of these 4 mite species. Rabbit anti-sheep immunoglobulins in the P. ovis antigen control bound to a protein at 28 kDa which may be sheep IgG light chain taken up by P. ovis feeding on sheep. Despite the antigenic similarities between mange mites, sufficient differences were apparent to make immunodiagnostic tests for mange feasible.
为了开发用于检测人和动物疥螨感染的免疫诊断测试，有必要了解不同螨类物种以及与宿主接触的其他节肢动物之间的抗原结构和交叉反应性。感染绵羊痒螨的绵羊血清（绵羊抗绵羊痒螨血清）在斑点印迹中对绵羊痒螨抗原呈阳性反应，并与猪疥螨、猫背肛螨和牛足螨的粗抗原提取物发生交叉反应。在斑点印迹中使用绵羊无特定病原体（SPF）血清时，除牛足螨抗原外，对其他所有抗原均可见微弱反应。在SDS-PAGE分离的绵羊痒螨抗原中，至少可区分出35种不同的蛋白质。在蛋白质印迹中，这35种蛋白质中的至少24种被绵羊抗绵羊痒螨免疫球蛋白识别为抗原。至少13种被绵羊抗绵羊痒螨IgE识别。其中一种分子量为19 kDa的蛋白仅被绵羊抗绵羊痒螨IgE识别，其他12种也被抗绵羊痒螨免疫球蛋白识别。在蛋白质印迹中，SDS-PAGE分离并转移至硝酸纤维素膜上的螨提取物中的交叉反应性抗原被绵羊抗绵羊痒螨免疫球蛋白识别如下：猪疥螨提取物中有13种抗原，猫背肛螨中有9种，牛足螨中有8种。绵羊SPF血清在这4种螨类物种的每一种中均识别出一种分子量为67 kDa的抗原。绵羊痒螨抗原对照中的兔抗绵羊免疫球蛋白与一种分子量为28 kDa的蛋白质结合，该蛋白质可能是绵羊痒螨吸食绵羊时摄取的绵羊IgG轻链。尽管疥螨之间存在抗原相似性，但明显的差异足以使疥螨的免疫诊断测试成为可行。
