Cassidy T, Long C
Department of Psychology, Nene College, Northampton, UK.
Br J Clin Psychol. 1996 May;35(2):265-77. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8260.1996.tb01181.x.
Problem-solving style has emerged in the literature as an important variable in the development and maintenance of affective disorders. Furthermore, the literature would suggest that it is related to other variables such as attributional style, achievement motivation and control in the mediation of the stress process. Research has been hampered and somewhat clouded by lack of clarity regarding the nature of the construct. It would appear to be a multidimensional construct, yet a suitable multifactorial measure is not available. The current paper reports on two studies (N = 408 and N = 611 respectively) which produced a 24-item six-factor measure. The factors were labelled helplessness, problem-solving control, creative problem-solving style, problem-solving confidence, avoidance style and approach style. The studies produced evidence that the utility of problem-solving style as an explanatory variable is enhanced when it is treated as a multidimensional construct. The factors appear to be differentially predictive of different affective states and clinical disorders. The data also support the 24-item measure as a useful, reliable and valid measure of problem-solving style.
解决问题的风格在文献中已成为情感障碍发展和维持过程中的一个重要变量。此外，文献表明，在压力过程的调节中，它与其他变量相关，如归因风格、成就动机和控制。由于对该结构的性质缺乏清晰认识，研究受到了阻碍且有些模糊不清。它似乎是一个多维结构，但尚无合适的多因素测量方法。本文报告了两项研究（分别为N = 408和N = 611），这两项研究产生了一个包含24个项目的六因素测量方法。这些因素被标记为无助、解决问题的控制、创造性解决问题的风格、解决问题的信心、回避风格和接近风格。研究表明，当将解决问题的风格视为多维结构时，其作为解释变量的效用会增强。这些因素似乎对不同的情感状态和临床障碍具有不同的预测作用。数据还支持将这个包含24个项目的测量方法作为解决问题风格的一种有用、可靠且有效的测量方法。
