Liu Z
NEC Research Institute, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA.
Spat Vis. 1996;9(4):491-521. doi: 10.1163/156856896x00222.
In order to recognize an object from a certain viewpoint, it is necessary for the object's image from this viewpoint to match the object's representation in memory. Clearly, both information from this image and the object representation in memory determine recognition performance. However, the current debate on the viewpoint dependency of internal representations focuses only on the viewpoint dependency of the performance, and equates it directly with viewpoint dependency of the representation, excluding the possibility that a viewpoint-independent representation can also give rise to a viewpoint-dependent performance. In the latter case, the performance will only depend on the image information from the viewpoint, which is determined by the three-dimensional (3D) shape of the object, irrespective of how the internal representation is learnt. A recognition performance that depends on the views from which the representation is learnt will provide strong evidence against any viewpoint-independent representations. Such an implication was supported from this study with 3D natural objects. In particular, performance from views that shared the same visible major object parts was systematically different a result which is not predicted by the Recognition-By-Components theory (Biederman, Psychol. Rev. 94. 115-147, 1987).
为了从某个视角识别一个物体，该物体在此视角下的图像必须与记忆中该物体的表征相匹配。显然，来自此图像的信息和记忆中的物体表征都决定了识别性能。然而，当前关于内部表征视角依赖性的争论仅聚焦于性能的视角依赖性，并将其直接等同于表征的视角依赖性，排除了视角独立的表征也可能导致视角依赖的性能的可能性。在后一种情况下，性能将仅取决于来自该视角的图像信息，而这由物体的三维（3D）形状决定，与内部表征如何习得无关。依赖于学习表征时所采用视角的识别性能将为反对任何视角独立的表征提供有力证据。这项针对3D自然物体的研究支持了这样一种观点。特别是，共享相同可见主要物体部分的视角的性能存在系统性差异，这一结果是部件识别理论（比德曼，《心理学评论》94卷，115 - 147页，1987年）所无法预测的。
