Wojtys E M, Huston L J, Taylor P D, Bastian S D
MedSport, Ann Arbor, MI 48106, USA.
Am J Sports Med. 1996 Mar-Apr;24(2):187-92. doi: 10.1177/036354659602400212.
Weight training is an integral part of most athletic conditioning programs; yet, the effect of these programs on neuromuscular function remains unclear. To examine the neuromuscular effects of training and conditioning at the knee joint, 32 volunteers (16 men and 16 women; average age, 25.4 years) were placed into one of four groups: isokinetic, isotonic, agility, or control. Each group trained 3 days per week for 6 weeks. The knee function of all participants was evaluated just before and after the 6-week training period. The agility-trained group significantly improved the spinal reflex times of the lateral and medial quadriceps muscles in response to anterior tibial translation. The cortical response time of the agility group also significantly improved in the gastrocnemius, medial hamstring, and the lateral quadriceps muscles. Interestingly, the cortical response time of the medial hamstring and the medial quadriceps muscles in the isokinetic group slowed significantly, by 39.1 and 32.4 msec, respectively, after 6 weeks of training. Isotonic and isokinetic strength training of the lower extremities do not appear to improve muscle reaction time to anterior tibial translation, whereas agility exercises potentially improve this parameter.
力量训练是大多数运动体能训练计划的一个组成部分；然而，这些训练计划对神经肌肉功能的影响仍不明确。为了研究膝关节训练和体能训练对神经肌肉的影响，32名志愿者（16名男性和16名女性；平均年龄25.4岁）被分为四组之一：等速训练组、等张训练组、敏捷训练组或对照组。每组每周训练3天，共训练6周。在6周训练期前后分别对所有参与者的膝关节功能进行评估。敏捷训练组在胫骨前移时，股外侧肌和股内侧肌的脊髓反射时间显著缩短。敏捷训练组腓肠肌、半腱肌内侧头和股外侧肌的皮质反应时间也显著缩短。有趣的是，等速训练组在训练6周后，半腱肌内侧头和股内侧肌的皮质反应时间分别显著减慢了39.1毫秒和32.4毫秒。下肢的等张和等速力量训练似乎并不能提高肌肉对胫骨前移的反应时间，而敏捷训练有可能改善这一参数。
