Verge C F, Eisenbarth G S
Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver 80262, USA.
West J Med. 1996 Mar;164(3):249-55.
Type I diabetes mellitus is a chronic autoimmune disease in which there is T cell-mediated destruction of the pancreatic beta cells. Susceptibility to the disease is determined by several genes, with HLA genes having the strongest effect. The onset of the disease is predictable, at least in the relatives of affected persons, using a combination of autoantibody measurements, intravenous glucose tolerance testing, and genetic typing. The disease may be preventable, and several large clinical trials are now underway to test whether interventions such as administering low-dose insulin or the use of nicotinamide can prevent the onset of diabetes in at-risk relatives.
1型糖尿病是一种慢性自身免疫性疾病，其中存在T细胞介导的胰腺β细胞破坏。对该疾病的易感性由多个基因决定，其中HLA基因的影响最为强烈。至少在受影响者的亲属中，通过结合自身抗体测量、静脉葡萄糖耐量试验和基因分型，该疾病的发病是可预测的。该疾病可能是可预防的，目前正在进行几项大型临床试验，以测试诸如给予低剂量胰岛素或使用烟酰胺等干预措施是否可以预防高危亲属患糖尿病。
