Aviado D M
Atmospheric Health Sciences, Short Hills, NJ 07078, USA.
Am Ind Hyg Assoc J. 1996 Mar;57(3):285-94. doi: 10.1080/15428119691015025.
Results of chemical analysis, animal experiments, and human studies are reviewed, criticized, and found not to support claims of an association between workers exposed to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) and occupational coronary heart disease. This review also recommends refinement of the use of dose surrogates, as presently practiced by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), for regulating indoor emissions from combustion engines, coal furnaces, tobacco leaf processing, rayon viscose manufacturing, and rubber curing. The work standards OSHA uses for regulation of these complex mixtures could also be used in evaluating ETS and relate to the following constituents of ETS: nicotine, carbon monoxide, benzo[a]pyrene, and carbon disulfide. The data indicate that the levels of these substances potentially arising from ETS are many orders of magnitude below their respective PELs. Thus, based on the standards for exposure surrogates for other complex mixtures, the potential worker exposure from ETS does not require further regulation by OSHA, based on cardiovascular disease.
对化学分析、动物实验和人体研究的结果进行了审查、批评，并发现这些结果并不支持接触环境烟草烟雾（ETS）的工人与职业性冠心病之间存在关联的说法。本综述还建议改进剂量替代物的使用，就像职业安全与健康管理局（OSHA）目前在规范内燃机、煤炉、烟叶加工、粘胶人造丝制造和橡胶硫化过程中的室内排放时所采用的做法那样。OSHA用于规范这些复杂混合物的工作标准也可用于评估ETS，并与ETS的以下成分相关：尼古丁、一氧化碳、苯并[a]芘和二硫化碳。数据表明，ETS可能产生的这些物质的水平比其各自的职业接触限值低很多个数量级。因此，根据其他复杂混合物的接触替代物标准，基于心血管疾病，ETS对工人的潜在接触不需要OSHA进一步监管。
