Schoch O D, Rieder H L
Driefontein Tuberculosis Sanatorium, Mvuma, Zimbabwe.
Eur Respir J. 1996 Feb;9(2):284-7. doi: 10.1183/09031936.96.09020284.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has a large impact on tuberculosis in Africa. In this study, the prevalence of HIV infection in a population of hospitalized tuberculosis patients in Zimbabwe was determined and demographic characteristics, clinical signs and symptoms, as well as radiographic appearance were compared in tuberculosis patients with and without HIV infection. During a 5 month observation period, information on tuberculosis patients referred to Driefontein Tuberculosis Sanatorium, Mvuma, Zimbabwe was collected, computerized and analysed with commercially available software. Of 467 patients admitted, 255 were sputum smear positive for acid-fast bacilli. Of 196 patients with complete information, 127 (65%) were HIV-seropositive. When compared to the 69 HIV-seronegative patients, HIV-infected patients were not different in age, gender, the period of delay between the onset of symptoms and diagnosis, radiographic appearance, history of previous antituberculosis treatment and symptoms and signs reported, with the exception of herpes zoster and other sexually-transmitted disease. The prevalence of HIV infection in our population of tuberculosis patients was large. However, since demographic and clinical characteristics are remarkably similar in tuberculosis patients with and without HIV infection, case-finding activities need not be altered in the wake of the HIV epidemic.
人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染对非洲的结核病有重大影响。在本研究中，确定了津巴布韦住院结核病患者群体中的HIV感染率，并比较了HIV感染和未感染的结核病患者的人口统计学特征、临床体征和症状以及影像学表现。在5个月的观察期内，收集了转诊至津巴布韦姆武马市德里丰坦结核病疗养院的结核病患者的信息，进行计算机处理，并使用商用软件进行分析。在467名入院患者中，255人的痰涂片抗酸杆菌呈阳性。在196名有完整信息的患者中，127人（65%）HIV血清学检测呈阳性。与69名HIV血清学检测阴性的患者相比，HIV感染患者在年龄、性别、症状出现至诊断的延迟时间、影像学表现、既往抗结核治疗史以及报告的症状和体征方面并无差异，但带状疱疹和其他性传播疾病除外。我们的结核病患者群体中HIV感染率很高。然而，由于HIV感染和未感染的结核病患者在人口统计学和临床特征上非常相似，因此在HIV流行的情况下，病例发现活动无需改变。
