Moore P A, Daniel T C, Edwards D R, Miller D M
USDA, Poultry Production and Product Safety Research Unit, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville 72701, USA.
Poult Sci. 1996 Mar;75(3):315-20. doi: 10.3382/ps.0750315.
Ammonia volatilization from poultry litter often causes high levels of atmospheric ammonia in poultry houses, which is detrimental to both farm workers and birds. Ammonia emissions from houses also aggravate environmental problems, such as acid rain, and result in a loss of fertilizer nitrogen. The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of litter amendments on ammonia volatilization and to determine the effect of these amendments on nitrogen and phosphorus content in litter. The results of this research indicate that alum [Al2(SO4)3.18H2O], ferrous sulfate (FeSO4.7H2O), and phosphoric acid (H3PO4) dramatically reduce ammonia volatilization form litter. The amount of ammonia lost from litter treated with sodium bisulfate (NaHSO4) and a proprietory product made of Ca-Fe silicate with a phosphoric acid coating was not different from the control (untreated litter). Aluminum sulfate (alum) and ferrous sulfate also reduced water soluble P concentrations in litter, whereas phosphoric acid greatly increased water-soluble P levels. The most effective compound evaluated with respect to reducing both ammonia loss and P solubility was alum.
家禽粪便中的氨挥发常常导致禽舍内大气氨含量过高，这对农场工人和禽类都有害。禽舍的氨排放还会加剧酸雨等环境问题，并导致肥料氮的流失。本研究的目的是确定垫料改良剂对氨挥发的影响，并确定这些改良剂对垫料中氮和磷含量的影响。本研究结果表明，明矾[Al2(SO4)3·18H2O]、硫酸亚铁(FeSO4·7H2O)和磷酸(H3PO4)能显著减少垫料中的氨挥发。用硫酸氢钠(NaHSO4)和一种由磷酸涂层的钙铁硅酸盐制成的专利产品处理的垫料中氨的损失量与对照(未处理垫料)没有差异。硫酸铝(明矾)和硫酸亚铁也降低了垫料中水溶性磷的浓度，而磷酸则大大提高了水溶性磷的水平。在减少氨损失和磷溶解度方面评估最有效的化合物是明矾。
