Kotak B G, Semalulu S, Fritz D L, Prepas E E, Hrudey S E, Coppock R W
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
Toxicon. 1996 May;34(5):517-25. doi: 10.1016/0041-0101(96)00009-8.
In 26 hr laboratory trials a dose of 1000 micrograms/kg microcystin-LR (MC-LR) caused 100% mortality in rainbow trout, while no mortality was observed at doses of 400 micrograms/kg or less. The liver to body mass ratio increased in fish exposed to the toxin which was likely due to water retention in the liver. In contrast to mammalian studies, hemorrhage of the liver was rare in fish. Exposure to MC-LR caused widespread hepatocellular swelling and lysis of hepatocyte plasma membranes, resulting in liquifactive necrosis (organelles floating in a milieux of cellular debris). Kidney lesions in the fish consisted of coagulative tubular necrosis with a dilation of Bowman's space. Lesions observed in the liver and kidney of fish exposed to MC-LR were considerably different than those previously reported for mammals.
在26小时的实验室试验中，剂量为1000微克/千克的微囊藻毒素-LR（MC-LR）导致虹鳟鱼100%死亡，而在400微克/千克或更低剂量时未观察到死亡情况。接触该毒素的鱼的肝体比增加，这可能是由于肝脏中水分潴留所致。与哺乳动物研究不同的是，鱼类肝脏出血很少见。接触MC-LR会导致广泛的肝细胞肿胀和肝细胞质膜溶解，从而导致液化性坏死（细胞器漂浮在细胞碎片的环境中）。鱼的肾脏病变包括肾小管凝固性坏死和鲍曼氏间隙扩张。接触MC-LR的鱼的肝脏和肾脏中观察到的病变与先前报道的哺乳动物的病变有很大不同。
