Elewski B E
Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University, University Hospitals of Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
J Am Acad Dermatol. 1996 Sep;35(3 Pt 2):S6-9. doi: 10.1016/s0190-9622(96)90062-6.
Other nail diseases may mimic a fungal infection. Therefore the diagnosis of onychomycosis requires an assessment of both clinical and laboratory features. Onychomycosis is comprised of four distinct types, each of which requires a different technique to obtain a nail specimen. A potassium hydroxide (KOH) preparation may be used to confirm the presence of fungi. However, a fungal culture is required to identify the specific genus and species of the pathogen. It may be necessary to perform histopathologic analysis of the nail unit in cases in which the clinical appearance suggests the presence of a fungal nail infection, but the KOH preparation and culture are negative.
其他指甲疾病可能会模仿真菌感染。因此，甲癣的诊断需要对临床和实验室特征进行评估。甲癣由四种不同类型组成，每种类型都需要不同的技术来获取指甲样本。氢氧化钾（KOH）制剂可用于确认真菌的存在。然而，需要进行真菌培养以鉴定病原体的具体属和种。在临床外观提示存在甲真菌病感染但KOH制剂和培养均为阴性的情况下，可能有必要对指甲单位进行组织病理学分析。
