Childers A B, Walsh B
Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Public Health, Texas A&M University College Station 77843-4458, USA.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1996 Jul 23;791:314-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1996.tb53538.x.
Preharvest food safety is essential for the protection of our food supply. The production and transport of livestock and poultry play an integral part in the safety of these food products. The goals of this safety assurance include freedom from pathogenic microorganisms, disease, and parasites, and from potentially harmful residues and physical hazards. Its functions should be based on hazard analysis and critical control points from producer to slaughter plant with emphasis on prevention of identifiable hazards rather than on removal of contaminated products. The production goal is to minimize infection and insure freedom from potentially harmful residues and physical hazards. The marketing goal is control of exposure to pathogens and stress. Both groups should have functional hazard analysis and critical control points management programs which include personnel training and certification of producers. These programs must cover production procedures, chemical usage, feeding, treatment practices, drug usage, assembly and transportation, and animal identification. Plans must use risk assessment principles, and the procedures must be defined. Other elements would include preslaughter certification, environmental protection, control of chemical hazards, live-animal drug-testing procedures, and identification of physical hazards.
收获前食品安全对于保护我们的食品供应至关重要。畜禽的生产和运输在这些食品的安全方面起着不可或缺的作用。这种安全保障的目标包括不存在致病微生物、疾病和寄生虫，以及不存在潜在有害的残留物和物理危害。其功能应基于从生产者到屠宰厂的危害分析和关键控制点，重点是预防可识别的危害，而不是去除受污染的产品。生产目标是尽量减少感染，并确保不存在潜在有害的残留物和物理危害。销售目标是控制病原体暴露和应激。这两个群体都应具备功能性危害分析和关键控制点管理计划，其中包括人员培训和生产者认证。这些计划必须涵盖生产程序、化学品使用、饲养、治疗方法、药物使用、组装和运输以及动物标识。计划必须采用风险评估原则，并且程序必须明确界定。其他要素将包括宰前认证、环境保护、化学危害控制、活体动物药物检测程序以及物理危害识别。
