Laventure S, Rabarison P, Mouchet J, Andrianaivolambo L, Rakotoarivony I, Rajaonarivelo E, Marrama L
Unité d'entomologie médicale, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Antananarivo, Madagascar.
Sante. 1995 Nov-Dec;5(6):406-10.
The entomological studies on malaria in Madagascar had especially concerned the behavior of vectors in relation to insecticides. The cessation of spraying within the homes and the absence of chloroquine allowed a re-emergence of malaria on the Plateau in the 1980's. This phenomenon pointed out the heterogeneity of the transmission on the island. It was necessary to define the entomological characteristics of the four principal facies of transmission in Madagascar. These studies provided the services of public health with the epidemiological basis to organize the measures of the battle and prevention of malaria. In the very populated countryside of the Plateau, the nature of the vectors, their density and their vectorial competence present large local variations. The entomological studies search to define the different human and environmental factors which modulate the transmission and constitute the risk factors of epidemy. This micro-epidemiological approach will facilitate the analysis and comparison of the clinical and biological results obtained in the different residences. The research on medical entomology will equally enable the proposal of plans for the fight against malaria adapted to the different situations.
在马达加斯加开展的疟疾昆虫学研究特别关注病媒与杀虫剂相关的行为。20世纪80年代，由于停止了室内喷洒以及氯喹的停用，导致高原地区疟疾再度流行。这一现象表明该岛疟疾传播具有异质性。有必要明确马达加斯加四种主要传播类型的昆虫学特征。这些研究为公共卫生部门提供了流行病学依据，以便组织疟疾防治措施。在人口密集的高原农村地区，病媒的种类、密度及其传播能力存在很大的局部差异。昆虫学研究旨在确定调节传播并构成流行风险因素的不同人类和环境因素。这种微观流行病学方法将有助于分析和比较在不同住所获得的临床和生物学结果。医学昆虫学研究同样能够针对不同情况提出疟疾防治计划。
