Gaborick C M, Salman M D, Ellis R P, Triantis J
Center of Veterinary Epidemiology and Animal Disease Surveillance Systems, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins 80523-1676, USA.
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1996 Sep 1;209(5):962-6.
To determine the validity of a 5-antigen ELISA for detection of tuberculosis in cattle and Cervidae.
Cross-sectional observational study.
Serum samples collected from 5,304 cattle in 23 herds and 1,441 Cervidae in 12 herds.
Discriminant analysis was used to determine the linear combination of antigens that accurately predicted the true Mycobacterium bovis infection status of the most animals. The resulting classification functions then were used to calculate the percentage of animals that were correctly classified (ie, sensitivity and specificity). The kappa statistic was calculated to evaluate different combinations of test results.
Of the 23 cattle herds, 4 dairy and 2 beef herds were considered infected. Of the 12 Cervidae herds, 5 were considered infected. For cattle, the specificity and sensitivity of ELISA, using the discriminant function, were 56.4 and 65.6%, respectively. For Cervidae, the specificity and sensitivity of ELISA, using the discriminant function, were 78.6 and 70.0%, respectively.
Results suggest that the 5-antigen ELISA would not be a good test for tuberculosis, especially in cattle, if used alone. However, when results of the ELISA and tuberculin test were interpreted in parallel, sensitivity of the combination was greater than sensitivity of either test alone. Similarly, when results of the 2 tests were interpreted in series, specificity of the combination was greater than specificity of either test alone.
确定一种用于检测牛和鹿结核病的5抗原酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）的有效性。
横断面观察性研究。
从23个牛群中的5304头牛和12个鹿群中的1441头鹿采集的血清样本。
采用判别分析来确定能准确预测大多数动物真实牛分枝杆菌感染状况的抗原线性组合。然后使用所得的分类函数来计算被正确分类的动物百分比（即敏感性和特异性）。计算kappa统计量以评估测试结果的不同组合。
在23个牛群中，4个奶牛群和2个肉牛群被认为受到感染。在12个鹿群中，5个被认为受到感染。对于牛，使用判别函数的ELISA的特异性和敏感性分别为56.4%和65.6%。对于鹿，使用判别函数的ELISA的特异性和敏感性分别为78.6%和70.0%。
结果表明，如果单独使用，5抗原ELISA对于结核病不是一个好的检测方法，尤其是在牛中。然而，当同时解读ELISA和结核菌素试验的结果时，联合检测的敏感性高于任何一种单独检测的敏感性。同样，当串联解读这两种检测的结果时，联合检测的特异性高于任何一种单独检测的特异性。
