Mochizuki T, Okamoto M, Sano H, Naganuma H
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan.
Acta Otolaryngol Suppl. 1996;524:64-72. doi: 10.3109/00016489609124351.
Cephalometry is useful as a screening test for anatomical abnormalities in patients having obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. In this study, various conventional parameters in cephalometry, such as the distance and angles determining the oropharyngeal space, and the areas of the soft palate, oral cavity, tongue and pharynx in both posterior-anterior and lateral view X-ray films, were measured before and after surgery in order to evaluate the preoperative predictability and usefulness of uvulopalato-pharyngoplasty and/or midline laser glossectomy (MLG) for the purpose of preoperative assessment and evaluation of surgical treatment. As test subjects, American adult patients with disturbed respiration in sleep observed at Oakland Otology and Apnea Clinic during 1989-1992 and Japanese patients with the same problems observed at Kitasato Univ. Hospital during 1992-1994 were used. The results were as follows: i) cephalometry revealed morphological abnormalities in the skull, and the measurement of soft tissue in the oropharynx provided useful anatomical data to assess the space of the upper airway in each patient before operation; ii) the areas of the soft palate, the whole tongue and the lower half of the tongue were significantly enlarged, and the lengths of MPH, SPL and PNS-H were longer in the apnea group than in the snoring group; iii) in MLG patients, increases in the area of the oral cavity and pharyngeal cavities and a decrease in the area of the upper half of the tongue were observed.
头影测量术作为阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征患者解剖学异常的筛查测试很有用。在本研究中，对头影测量术中的各种传统参数进行了测量，例如确定口咽间隙的距离和角度，以及在正位和侧位X线片中软腭、口腔、舌头和咽部的面积，测量在手术前后进行，目的是评估悬雍垂腭咽成形术和/或中线激光舌切除术（MLG）在术前评估和手术治疗评估方面的术前预测性和实用性。作为测试对象，使用了1989年至1992年期间在奥克兰耳科与呼吸暂停诊所观察到的睡眠呼吸紊乱的美国成年患者，以及1992年至1994年期间在北里大学医院观察到的有相同问题的日本患者。结果如下：i）头影测量术揭示了颅骨的形态异常，并且口咽软组织的测量提供了有用的解剖学数据，以在术前评估每位患者上气道的空间；ii）软腭、整个舌头和舌头下半部分的面积显著增大，呼吸暂停组的MPH、SPL和PNS-H的长度比打鼾组更长；iii）在MLG患者中，观察到口腔和咽腔面积增加，舌头的上半部分面积减少。
