Gerbert B, Johnston K, Bleecker T, McPhee S
Division of Behavioral Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
J Cancer Educ. 1996 Summer;11(2):96-101. doi: 10.1080/08858199609528403.
Skin cancer represents a significant threat to the health and well-being of Americans. By engaging in both primary and secondary preventive behaviors, individuals can reduce their risks of developing skin cancer.
Focus groups were used as a qualitative technique to explore the similarities and differences between those who practiced skin cancer prevention (a high-concern group) and those who did not (a low-concern group). Transcripts from the discussions were analyzed to identify themes regarding participants' attitudes, beliefs, and practices about skin cancer prevention.
Seven themes emerged from the data: 1) benefits of sun exposure; 2) salience of skin cancer prevention; 3) perceived seriousness of the sun's harmful effects; 4) personal connection to skin cancer; 5) media attention regarding skin cancer; 6) problems with sunscreens; and 7) preventive health "have-tos."
To improve skin cancer prevention, health education interventions must attend to individuals' attitudes about sun exposure and address the barriers related to them.
皮肤癌对美国人的健康和幸福构成重大威胁。通过采取一级和二级预防行为，个人可以降低患皮肤癌的风险。
焦点小组作为一种定性技术，用于探索采取皮肤癌预防措施的人群（高关注组）和未采取该措施的人群（低关注组）之间的异同。对讨论的文字记录进行分析，以确定参与者对皮肤癌预防的态度、信念和行为方面的主题。
数据中出现了七个主题：1）阳光照射的益处；2）皮肤癌预防的显著性；3）对阳光有害影响的感知严重性；4）与皮肤癌的个人关联；5）媒体对皮肤癌的关注；6）防晒霜的问题；7）预防性健康“必须做的事”。
为了改善皮肤癌预防，健康教育干预措施必须关注个人对阳光照射的态度，并解决与之相关的障碍。
