Vail-Smith K, Felts W M
Health, Physical Education, Recreation, and Safety Program, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina.
J Am Coll Health. 1993 Jul;42(1):21-6. doi: 10.1080/07448481.1993.9940452.
This study assessed the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of college students regarding intentional sun exposure (sunbathing). Results are based on responses of 296 Caucasian students to the Sun and Skin Inventory. Frequent sunbathers were more likely than infrequent sunbathers to be women and to report fewer self-perceived risk factors, and were less likely to use sunscreen. They were also more likely to believe that they look better with a tan, that suntanned skin is more attractive, and that suntans look healthy. Forty-three percent of the female respondents and 61% of the men rarely, if ever, used sunscreens, and only 9% of all respondents reported they used sunscreens with every intentional sun exposure of 30 minutes or longer. These results suggest that concern with attractiveness appears to be a major motivation for frequent intentional sun exposure. Consequently, educational strategies that stress health outcomes only may be less effective than those that also stress photoaging, the detrimental cumulative effect to appearance of suntanning.
本研究评估了大学生对于故意晒太阳（日光浴）的知识、态度和行为。结果基于296名白人学生对《太阳与皮肤调查问卷》的回答。经常晒太阳的人比不常晒太阳的人更可能是女性，且自我感知的风险因素更少，使用防晒霜的可能性也更低。他们也更有可能认为晒黑后看起来更好看，晒黑的皮肤更有吸引力，而且晒黑看起来很健康。43%的女性受访者和61%的男性很少（如果有的话）使用防晒霜，所有受访者中只有9%表示每次故意晒太阳30分钟或更长时间时都会使用防晒霜。这些结果表明，对吸引力的关注似乎是经常故意晒太阳的主要动机。因此，仅强调健康后果的教育策略可能不如那些同时强调光老化（晒黑对外观的有害累积影响）的策略有效。
