Collins E G, White-Williams C, Jalowiec A
Department of Veterans Affairs, Edward Hines, Jr. Hospital, Hines, IL, USA.
J Heart Lung Transplant. 1996 Jun;15(6):623-30.
Practitioners working with candidates for heart transplants and their families know that the heart transplant waiting process is psychologically stressful and demanding. Spouses of heart transplant candidates struggle with multiple demands. Although many have studied the impact of heart transplantation on patients, only a few investigators have studied the impact of the heart transplant waiting period on spouses.
Using survey research methods, we studied the impact of the heart transplant wait on the lives of 85 spouses of heart transplant candidates from three sites using the following: Spouse Transplant Stressor Scale, Jalowiec Coping Scale, Family Inventory of Resources for Management, Quality of Life Index, a six-item rating scale, and a demographic form.
One-third of the sample (30.6%) believed that the heart transplant waiting experience had a negative impact on their life, two-thirds (65.9%) believed it had a positive impact, and 3.5% believed that the heart transplant experience had no impact on their life. The longer the patient partner waited for a heart transplant, the more negative the impact was on the spouse's life (r = -0.23, p = 0.04). Spouses experiencing a negative impact from the heart transplant experience reported higher stressor scores (F = 3.74, p = 0.03), used more negative coping strategies (F = 3.69, p = 0.03), and had a lower quality of life (F = 3.28, p = 0.04).
Spouses who reported a more negative impact from the heart transplant waiting experience were under more stress, used negative coping strategies, reported a lower quality of life, and had patient partners who waited longer for a heart.
与心脏移植候选者及其家属打交道的从业者都知道，心脏移植等待过程在心理上压力巨大且要求苛刻。心脏移植候选者的配偶要应对多重需求。尽管许多人研究了心脏移植对患者的影响，但只有少数研究者研究了心脏移植等待期对配偶的影响。
我们采用调查研究方法，使用以下工具研究了心脏移植等待对来自三个地点的85名心脏移植候选者配偶生活的影响：配偶移植应激源量表、贾洛维茨应对量表、家庭资源管理量表、生活质量指数、一个六项评分量表和一份人口统计学表格。
三分之一的样本（30.6%）认为心脏移植等待经历对他们的生活有负面影响，三分之二（65.9%）认为有正面影响，3.5%认为心脏移植经历对他们的生活没有影响。患者配偶等待心脏移植的时间越长，对配偶生活的负面影响就越大（r = -0.23，p = 0.04）。报告心脏移植经历有负面影响的配偶应激源得分更高（F = 3.74，p = 0.03），使用更多消极应对策略（F = 3.69，p = 0.03），生活质量更低（F = 3.28，p = 0.04）。
报告心脏移植等待经历负面影响更大的配偶压力更大，使用消极应对策略，生活质量更低，且其患者配偶等待心脏移植的时间更长。
