Belcaro G, Laurora G, Cesarone M R, De Sanctis M T, Incandela L, Ramaswami G, Griffin M, Dhanjil S, Nicolaides A N
Microcirculation Laboratory, Chieti University, Italy.
Vasa. 1996;25(3):226-32.
Vasa vasorum and the perfusion of the carotid wall in normal arteries and in arteries with arteriosclerotic plaques was evaluated in-vivo using power-Doppler. Two types of arteries were studied using high-resolution ultrasound. These were arteries with a normal wall (intima, media and adventitia clearly separated) and arteries with intima-media thickening and plaques without calcification. In 10 normal subjects and in 10 patients with early plaques vasa vasorum were visualised. On power-Doppler they appeared as distinct, glomerular-like perfusion units, regularly placed along the course of normal arteries and at similar distance (2 to 4 mm from the lumen-wall interface, within the adventitia and periadventitia layers). In arteriosclerotic vessels the distribution of vasa vasorum units was more irregular, often concentrated in one spot with some perfusion units more distant from the lumen (between 2.5 and 5 mm) and their pulsatility was reduced. Flow velocity complex in most vasa vasorum was comparable, in lower scale to the pattern observed in the carotid lumen without significant differences between normal and arteriosclerotic arteries. The average peak systolic flow velocity was 15: +/-4 cm/sec and the average diastolic velocity was 6 +/- 4 in normal arteries with a median pulsatility index of 1.8 (range 2.2-1.05); in arteriosclerotic arteries velocities were 13 +/- 4 (peak systolic) and 3 +/- 2 (end diastolic) with a median pulsatility index of 1.71 (range 2.1-1.1). In conclusion a different, apparent distribution of vasa vasorum was observed in normal carotids and in carotids with arteriosclerotic lesions.
采用能量多普勒技术在体评估正常动脉及伴有动脉粥样硬化斑块的动脉中血管滋养血管情况及颈动脉壁灌注情况。使用高分辨率超声研究了两种类型的动脉。一种是血管壁正常的动脉（内膜、中膜和外膜清晰分离），另一种是内膜-中膜增厚且有非钙化斑块的动脉。在10名正常受试者和10名早期斑块患者中观察到了血管滋养血管。在能量多普勒图像上，它们表现为独特的、类似肾小球的灌注单元，沿正常动脉走行规则分布，且距离相似（距管腔-壁界面2至4毫米，位于外膜和外膜周围层内）。在动脉粥样硬化血管中，血管滋养血管单元的分布更不规则，常集中于一点，一些灌注单元距管腔更远（2.5至5毫米），且其搏动性降低。大多数血管滋养血管中的血流速度复合体具有可比性，与颈动脉管腔中观察到的血流模式相比处于较低水平，正常动脉和动脉粥样硬化动脉之间无显著差异。正常动脉的平均收缩期峰值流速为15±4厘米/秒，平均舒张期流速为6±4厘米/秒，搏动指数中位数为1.8（范围2.2 - 1.05）；动脉粥样硬化动脉的流速分别为13±4（收缩期峰值）和3±2（舒张期末），搏动指数中位数为1.71（范围2.1 - 1.1）。总之，在正常颈动脉和有动脉粥样硬化病变的颈动脉中观察到了血管滋养血管不同的明显分布。
