Shokunbi W A, Saliu I, Essien E M
Department of Haematology, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Afr J Med Med Sci. 1995 Sep;24(3):249-53.
Between July 1987 and December 1988, sera from 6,385 individuals were screened for HIV1 but only 1,861 of these samples were screened for HIV2. Majority of those screened for HIV infection (89.7%) were blood donors, 4.9% were international travellers/volunteers, 3.8% were patients (i.e. those with haematological malignancies, multiply transfused patients and those suspected of having HIV infections), and the rest (1.6%) were female sex workers. Screening for HIV1 antibody was done using Welcozyme anti-HTLV III (Wellcome Diagnostics, Dartford, England) or Elavia I (Diagnostics Pasteur, Marnes La Coquette, France). ELAVIA Ac-Ab-Ak II was used to detect HIV2. The confirmatory test employed was western blot, using LAV Blot I and LAV Blot II (Diagnostic Pasteur, Marnes La Coquette, France). The seroprevalence rate for HIV1 in the blood donors was 0.51% while that of HIV2 was 0.33%. The seroprevalence rates for HIV1 and HIV2 amongst the adult travellers were 1.64% and 0.55% respectively and the comparative rates in the multiply transfused patients (including those with haematological malignancies) were 1.23% each. All the HIV2 positive cases in this group had refractory anaemia. In those suspected of having HIV infection, the seroprevalence rate of HIV1 was 2.94% and no patient in this group had HIV2. Evidence of dual infection by HIV1 and HIV2 was obtained from 18.5% of the seropositive individuals. The dual infection rate in seropositive Nigerians is similar to that reported for some West African countries. We would strongly suggest that all blood samples for HIV tests in Nigerians should be screened for both HIV1 and HIV2. The two blood donors with evidence of dual infection could not be contacted due to fictitious addresses. The only patient with a dual infection has refractory anaemia and he is still being followed up but has not yet developed full-blown AIDs.
1987年7月至1988年12月期间，对6385人的血清进行了HIV-1筛查，但其中仅1861份样本进行了HIV-2筛查。接受HIV感染筛查的人群中，大多数（89.7%）是献血者，4.9%是国际旅行者/志愿者，3.8%是患者（即血液系统恶性肿瘤患者、多次输血患者以及疑似感染HIV者），其余（1.6%）是女性性工作者。使用Welcozyme抗-HTLV III（英国达特福德惠康诊断公司）或Elavia I（法国马恩拉科凯特巴斯德诊断公司）进行HIV-1抗体筛查。ELAVIA Ac-Ab-Ak II用于检测HIV-2。采用免疫印迹法进行确证试验，使用LAV Blot I和LAV Blot II（法国马恩拉科凯特巴斯德诊断公司）。献血者中HIV-1的血清阳性率为0.51%，而HIV-2的血清阳性率为0.33%。成年旅行者中HIV-1和HIV-2的血清阳性率分别为1.64%和0.55%，多次输血患者（包括血液系统恶性肿瘤患者）中的相应比例均为1.23%。该组所有HIV-2阳性病例均患有难治性贫血。在疑似感染HIV的人群中，HIV-1的血清阳性率为2.94%，该组无HIV-2感染者。18.5%的血清阳性个体存在HIV-1和HIV-2双重感染证据。尼日利亚血清阳性者中的双重感染率与一些西非国家报告的情况相似。我们强烈建议，对尼日利亚人进行HIV检测的所有血样均应同时进行HIV-1和HIV-2筛查。由于地址虚假，无法联系到两名有双重感染证据的献血者。唯一一名双重感染患者患有难治性贫血，仍在接受随访，但尚未发展为典型艾滋病。
