Rinder J, Lundberg J M
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
Acta Physiol Scand. 1996 Jun;157(2):233-44. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-201X.1996.509246000.x.
The effects of systemic administration of the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor N omega-nitro-L-arginine on the vasculature of the pig nasal mucosa were compared with the effects of alpha-adrenoceptor agonists and of sympathetic nerve stimulation. A novel in vivo pig model was used in which standard measurements of nasal mucosal blood flow were complemented with measurements of nasal cavity volume using an acoustic rhinometer. The vasodilatory effects of capsaicin, substance P. acetylcholine, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and nitroprusside, before and after nitric oxide synthase inhibition, were also investigated. N omega-nitro-L-arginine evoked a marked, slowly developing, long-lasting reduction in nasal vascular conductance with a parallel increase in nasal cavity volume (by approximately 30%) comparable in magnitude with the response upon alpha-adrenoceptor stimulation. L-Arginine partly reversed the N omega-nitro-L-arginine-evoked vasoconstriction, although nasal cavity volume was unaffected. Nasal vasodilation and decrease in nasal cavity volume resulting from capsaicin-evoked activation of sensory nerves were unaltered after administration of N omega-nitro-L-arginine. Nitric oxide synthase inhibition did not attenuate the vasodilator responses evoked by either substance P. acetylcholine, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide or nitroprusside. The present data suggest that nitric oxide synthase activity is of importance both for basal nasal vascular conductance and nasal cavity volume in the pig in vivo. In contrast, nitric oxide synthase inhibition does not reduce the vascular effects of a variety of vasodilating agents, including capsaicin, acetylcholine and substance P.
将一氧化氮合酶抑制剂Nω-硝基-L-精氨酸全身给药对猪鼻黏膜血管系统的影响，与α-肾上腺素能受体激动剂和交感神经刺激的影响进行了比较。使用了一种新型的体内猪模型，其中鼻黏膜血流的标准测量通过使用声反射鼻测量计测量鼻腔容积得到补充。还研究了在一氧化氮合酶抑制前后，辣椒素、P物质、乙酰胆碱、血管活性肠肽和硝普钠的血管舒张作用。Nω-硝基-L-精氨酸引起鼻血管传导显著、缓慢发展且持久的降低，同时鼻腔容积平行增加（约30%），其幅度与α-肾上腺素能受体刺激后的反应相当。L-精氨酸部分逆转了Nω-硝基-L-精氨酸引起的血管收缩，尽管鼻腔容积未受影响。给予Nω-硝基-L-精氨酸后，辣椒素引起的感觉神经激活导致的鼻血管舒张和鼻腔容积减小未改变。一氧化氮合酶抑制并未减弱P物质、乙酰胆碱、血管活性肠肽或硝普钠引起的血管舒张反应。目前的数据表明，一氧化氮合酶活性对于猪体内的基础鼻血管传导和鼻腔容积都很重要。相比之下，一氧化氮合酶抑制并不会降低包括辣椒素、乙酰胆碱和P物质在内的多种血管舒张剂的血管作用。
