Bergman-Evans B, Walker S N
Geriatric Nurse Practitioner Program, University of Nebraska Medical Center, College of Nursing, Omaha, USA.
Nurse Pract. 1996 Apr;21(4):88, 90, 99-100, passim.
The purpose of this study was to estimate the extent to which women ages 65 and older were in compliance with the 1989 U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommendations for clinical preventive services. Data from the 1991 Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Supplement of the National Health Interview Survey of 5,574 women ages 65 and older were analyzed to determine the proportion in three age-groups (65 to 74 years, 75 to 84 years, and 85 years and older) who reported receiving recommended screening, counseling, and immunization services. Sixty percent of women ages 65 and over had had a routine check-up within the last year, and 78% had had one within the past 2 years. However, fewer than 1% reported receiving all recommended screening services (history, physical examination, and laboratory/diagnostic testing) or all recommended counseling services, and only 5.3% of women were current with recommended immunizations. As age increased, the number of services received tended to decrease in all categories of clinical preventive services except immunizations. The prevalence of receipt of clinical preventive services by older women is unacceptably low. Greater effort must be focused on educating both women and their primary health care providers about the USPSTF recommendations and why they are important in achieving health benefits.
本研究的目的是评估65岁及以上女性对1989年美国预防服务工作组（USPSTF）临床预防服务建议的遵守程度。对1991年全国健康访谈调查中5574名65岁及以上女性的健康促进与疾病预防补充调查数据进行分析，以确定三个年龄组（65至74岁、75至84岁、85岁及以上）中报告接受了推荐的筛查、咨询和免疫服务的女性比例。65岁及以上的女性中，60%在过去一年内进行了常规体检，78%在过去两年内进行了常规体检。然而，报告接受所有推荐筛查服务（病史、体格检查和实验室/诊断检测）或所有推荐咨询服务的女性不到1%，只有5.3%的女性按时接种了推荐的疫苗。随着年龄的增长，除免疫接种外，各类临床预防服务的接受数量均呈下降趋势。老年女性接受临床预防服务的比例低得令人无法接受。必须加大力度，向女性及其初级医疗保健提供者宣传USPSTF的建议以及这些建议对实现健康益处为何重要。
