Kinoshita H, Francis P R, Murase T, Kawai S, Ogawa T
Faculty of Health and Sports Science, Osaka University, Japan.
Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1996;73(5):404-9. doi: 10.1007/BF00334416.
The shock absorbing characteristics of the heel pad in vivo were examined in two groups of active elderly individuals whose ages ranged between 60 and 67 years (n = 10) and between 71 and 86 years (n = 10). For comparative purposes, young adults (n = 10) aged between 17 and 30 years were also examined. A free-fall impact testing device which consisted of an instrumented shaft (mass 5 kg), accelerometer and position detection transducer was used to obtain deceleration and deformation of the heel during impact. The data were obtained from impact velocities of 0.57 m.s-1 (slow) and 0.94 m.s-1 (fast). Peak values of the deceleration and deformation, as well as the time to these peaks from onset of impact, and energy absorption were evaluated. At the slow impact velocity, no age effect was found for the parameters examined except for the energy absorption. At the fast impact velocity, there was higher peak deceleration and smaller deformation for the elderly than for the younger adults. The energy absorbed was less for the elderly than for the younger adults. It was concluded that the capacity for shock absorbency of the heel pad declines with age.
对两组活跃的老年人的足跟垫在体内的减震特性进行了研究，一组年龄在60至67岁之间（n = 10），另一组年龄在71至86岁之间（n = 10）。为作比较，还对年龄在17至30岁之间的年轻成年人（n = 10）进行了研究。使用一个自由落体冲击测试装置，该装置由一个仪器化的轴（质量5千克）、加速度计和位置检测传感器组成，以获取足跟在冲击过程中的减速和变形情况。数据是在0.57米/秒（慢速）和0.94米/秒（快速）的冲击速度下获得的。评估了减速和变形的峰值、从冲击开始到这些峰值的时间以及能量吸收情况。在慢速冲击速度下，除能量吸收外，在所检查的参数中未发现年龄效应。在快速冲击速度下，老年人的峰值减速更高，变形更小。老年人吸收的能量比年轻成年人少。得出的结论是，足跟垫的减震能力随年龄下降。
