Kempen G I, Steverink N, Ormel J, Deeg D J
Northern Centre for Health Care Research, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.
J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 1996 Sep;51(5):P254-60. doi: 10.1093/geronb/51b.5.p254.
The impact of three sociodemographic, two cognitive, two affective, and four personality measures on the discrepancies between self-reported and performance-based ADL in a sample of 753 frail elderly is studied by means of multiple regression analyses. Underestimation (i.e., lower self-reported levels of ADL compared to performance-based levels) occurs, in particular, among subjects with low perceptions of physical competence and mastery or personal control, and high levels of depressive symptomatology. In contrast, the role of cognitive functioning and sociodemographic variables in the discrepancies is a minor one. Although self-report ADL measures are easier to administer and less sensitive to nonresponse than performance-based ADL measures, the confounding effects of perceived physical competence, mastery, and depressive symptomatology on self-reported ADL should be considered in any application of self-report measures of ADL among frail elderly.
通过多元回归分析，研究了753名体弱老年人样本中，三项社会人口统计学指标、两项认知指标、两项情感指标和四项人格测量指标对自我报告的日常生活活动能力（ADL）与基于表现的ADL之间差异的影响。低估情况（即自我报告的ADL水平低于基于表现的水平）尤其出现在身体能力、掌控感或个人控制感较低，以及抑郁症状水平较高的受试者中。相比之下，认知功能和社会人口统计学变量在这些差异中的作用较小。虽然自我报告的ADL测量方法比基于表现的ADL测量方法更易于实施，且对无应答更不敏感，但在对体弱老年人进行ADL自我报告测量的任何应用中，都应考虑感知到的身体能力、掌控感和抑郁症状对自我报告ADL的混杂影响。
