Poulter N R, Zographos D, Mattin R, Sever P S, Thom S M
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College, London Medical School, UK.
Blood Press. 1996 Jul;5(4):209-15. doi: 10.3109/08037059609079673.
To determine the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors among hypertensives in a cross-sectional survey of hypertensives from 13 general practices in England.
Of 1,948 European hypertensives (systolic blood pressure 150 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure > 90 mmHg and/or on treatment for hypertension), 40 to 69 years of age, 53.3% on treatment had controlled blood pressures (systolic blood pressure < 160 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure < 95 mmHg). Electrocardiographic abnormalities and other cardiovascular risk factors were common among these hypertensives, with dyslipidaemia, past or current smoking and lack of physical exercise being present in the majority of those studied. All risk factors except reported diabetes were more prevalent amongst subjects from northern practices, where coronary heart disease rates are higher. Compared with those on no therapy, those receiving diuretics only had significantly higher levels of serum total cholesterol (6.39 mmol/l vs 6.69 mmol/l: p < 0.01), and those receiving beta-blockers only had significantly higher levels of triglycerides (2.32 mmol/l vs 2.64 mmol/ l: p < 0.01), and lower levels of HDL-cholesterol (1.33 mmol/l vs 1.23 mmol/l: p < 0.001).
It is important to consider other cardiovascular risk factors in hypertensives because they are very common and interact with blood pressure (BP) to determine levels of risk. The high proportion of inadequately controlled hypertensives demands a more effective management strategy.
在一项针对英格兰13家普通诊所高血压患者的横断面调查中，确定高血压患者心血管危险因素的患病率。
在1948名年龄在40至69岁的欧洲高血压患者（收缩压≥150 mmHg和/或舒张压>90 mmHg和/或正在接受高血压治疗）中，53.3%接受治疗的患者血压得到控制（收缩压<160 mmHg且舒张压<95 mmHg）。心电图异常和其他心血管危险因素在这些高血压患者中很常见，大多数研究对象存在血脂异常、既往或目前吸烟以及缺乏体育锻炼的情况。除报告的糖尿病外，所有危险因素在冠心病发病率较高的北部诊所的患者中更为普遍。与未接受治疗的患者相比，仅接受利尿剂治疗的患者血清总胆固醇水平显著更高（6.39 mmol/L对6.69 mmol/L：p<0.01），仅接受β受体阻滞剂治疗的患者甘油三酯水平显著更高（2.32 mmol/L对2.64 mmol/L：p<0.01），高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平更低（1.33 mmol/L对1.23 mmol/L：p<0.001）。
考虑高血压患者的其他心血管危险因素很重要，因为它们非常常见，并且与血压相互作用以确定风险水平。未得到充分控制的高血压患者比例很高，需要更有效的管理策略。
