Effros R M, Chang R S, Silverman P
J Appl Physiol Respir Environ Exerc Physiol. 1977 Jun;42(6):941-5. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1977.42.6.941.
The mean transit times of labeled red blood cells and albumin were compared in eight isolated rabbit lungs perfused with physiological albumin solutions. The osmolality of these solutions was adjusted by altering the concentration of sodium chloride. The ratios of the mean transit times of injected red blood cells to those of albumin increased as perfusion osmolality increased from hypotonic to isotonic and from isotonic to hypertonic levels. This change occurred despite a decline in pulmonary vascular resistance and red blood cell size as osmolality was increased. Red blood cell viscosity (determined with a cone-plate viscometer) increased with osmolality and it was concluded that this change of viscosity impaired the relative rate of red blood cell transit through the lungs. Passage of red blood cells through rigid homoporous membranes appeared to be related primarily to red cell size rather than vascosity. These observations suggest that both red blood cell viscosity and capillary distensibility play an important role in determining the velocity of red blood cells through the capillaries.
在八个用生理白蛋白溶液灌注的离体兔肺中，比较了标记红细胞和白蛋白的平均通过时间。通过改变氯化钠浓度来调节这些溶液的渗透压。随着灌注渗透压从低渗增加到等渗以及从等渗增加到高渗水平，注入红细胞与白蛋白的平均通过时间之比增加。尽管随着渗透压增加肺血管阻力和红细胞大小下降，但这种变化仍然发生。红细胞粘度（用锥板粘度计测定）随渗透压增加而增加，得出的结论是这种粘度变化损害了红细胞通过肺部的相对速率。红细胞通过刚性均匀孔膜的过程似乎主要与红细胞大小有关，而非粘度。这些观察结果表明，红细胞粘度和毛细血管扩张性在决定红细胞通过毛细血管的速度方面都起着重要作用。
