Pfeiffer S I, O'Malley D S, Shott S
Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, USA.
Psychiatr Serv. 1996 Mar;47(3):263-9. doi: 10.1176/ps.47.3.263.
The aim of the study was to synthesize previous research findings on the outcomes of patients who had received psychiatric hospital treatment.
The authors reviewed 54 follow-up studies of psychiatric hospitalization of adults published between 1975 and 1992 and identified ten predictor variables that were examined in at least five of the studies. The findings for each predictor variable were integrated using a system that weighted findings based on the sample size and the time from discharge to follow-up assessment.
The five most powerful predictors of outcome were type of onset of illness, previous hospitalization, age at onset of illness, use of medication, and marital status. Predictor variables with moderate associations with outcome included diagnosis, gender, precipitating factors, and duration of illness. Length of stay showed no significant relationship to outcome.
Future studies of the outcome of psychiatric hospitalization should carefully define successful outcome, delineate the dimensions of hospital treatment, and explore a wide range of predictor variables.
本研究旨在综合先前关于接受精神病院治疗患者结局的研究结果。
作者回顾了1975年至1992年间发表的54项关于成人精神病住院治疗的随访研究，并确定了至少在五项研究中被检验的十个预测变量。使用一种基于样本量和从出院到随访评估的时间对研究结果进行加权的系统，整合每个预测变量的研究结果。
结局的五个最有力预测因素是疾病起病类型、既往住院史、疾病起病年龄、药物使用情况和婚姻状况。与结局有中等关联的预测变量包括诊断、性别、诱发因素和病程。住院时间与结局无显著关系。
未来关于精神病住院治疗结局的研究应仔细界定成功结局，描述住院治疗的维度，并探索广泛的预测变量。
