Johnson J D, Young B
Division of Neurosurgery, University of Kentucky Medical Center, Lexington, USA.
Neurosurg Clin N Am. 1996 Jul;7(3):337-44.
Brain metastases are the most common intracranial tumor, significantly out-numbering primary brain tumors. The apparent increase in the ratio of brain metastases to primary tumors may be the result of a number of factors, including the possibility of a CNS "pharmacologic sanctuary," an aging population, and improved imaging studies. Among adults, the most common origins of brain metastasis include primary tumors of the lung, breast, skin (melanoma), and gastrointestinal tract. Among patients under 21 years of age, brain metastases most often arise from the sarcomas and germ cell tumors.
脑转移瘤是最常见的颅内肿瘤，其数量显著超过原发性脑肿瘤。脑转移瘤与原发性肿瘤比例的明显增加可能是多种因素导致的，包括中枢神经系统存在“药物性庇护所”的可能性、人口老龄化以及影像学检查的改进。在成年人中，脑转移瘤最常见的原发部位包括肺癌、乳腺癌、皮肤（黑色素瘤）和胃肠道肿瘤。在21岁以下的患者中，脑转移瘤最常源于肉瘤和生殖细胞肿瘤。
