Vitaro F, Dobkin P L, Carbonneau R, Tremblay R E
Research Unit on Children's Psycho-Social Maladjustment, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Addiction. 1996 Aug;91(8):1161-77. doi: 10.1046/j.1360-0443.1996.91811618.x.
This study compared sons of male alcoholics (SOMAs) who had no problems with those who were abusing substances, those who had school problems, those who were delinquent and those who were multiproblem. Corresponding groups of non-SOMAs were also included. Groups were compared at ages 6, 10, 12 and 14 years on teacher- and peer-rated aggressiveness, hyperactivity, inattention, anxiety and prosociality; parent-rated temperament; parents' disciplinary practices; school performance; family socio-economic status; self-reported substance (ab)use and delinquency; and school performance (from school records). Differences between SOMAs and non-SOMAs were small. According to teachers and peers, no problem SOMAs and non-SOMAs were less aggressive-oppositional, inattentive and hyperactive than problem SOMAs and non-SOMAs. These effects differed as a function of age, however. Also, no problem SOMAs and non-SOMAs performed better in school than boys in the problem groups. We discuss the relevance of these findings for identifying factors that render children resilient and for early screening to select truly at risk SOMAs for prevention programs.
本研究比较了男性酗酒者的儿子（SOMAs）中无问题者与存在物质滥用问题者、有学校问题者、有违法行为者以及存在多种问题者。还纳入了相应的非SOMAs组。在6岁、10岁、12岁和14岁时，对各组在教师和同伴评定的攻击性、多动、注意力不集中、焦虑和亲社会行为；家长评定的气质；父母的管教方式；学业成绩；家庭社会经济地位；自我报告的物质（滥用）和违法行为；以及学业成绩（来自学校记录）方面进行了比较。SOMAs组和非SOMAs组之间的差异较小。根据教师和同伴的评价，无问题的SOMAs和非SOMAs比有问题的SOMAs和非SOMAs在攻击性-对立性、注意力不集中和多动方面表现更轻。然而，这些影响因年龄而异。此外，无问题的SOMAs和非SOMAs在学校的表现比问题组的男孩更好。我们讨论了这些发现对于识别使儿童具有复原力的因素以及早期筛查以选择真正有风险的SOMAs纳入预防项目的相关性。
