Frishman W H, Hotchkiss H
Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y., USA.
Am Heart J. 1996 Oct;132(4):861-70. doi: 10.1016/s0002-8703(96)90323-3.
Dopamine and a new group of selective and nonselective peripheral dopaminergic receptor effectors are being evaluated for the treatment of various cardiovascular disorders, including shock, CHF, and systemic hypertension. Dopamine, in relatively low intravenous doses, will stimulate both peripheral DA1 receptors, which mediate arterial vasodilation of different vascular beds, and the DA2 receptors, which mediate the inhibition of norepinephrine release. Ibopamine is a new oral, nonspecific peripheral dopaminergic agonist with an active metabolite (epinine) that is being evaluated in patients with CHF. Fenoldopam is a selective peripheral DA1 agonist now being developed as a parenteral treatment for hypertensive emergencies. Dopexamine is a parenteral agent that selectively activates both DA1 and beta 2 adrenergic receptors and is being evaluated in patients with CHF and in individuals with postoperative left ventricular dysfunction. A group of selective DA2 receptor agonists is being evaluated as long-term treatment for systemic hypertension.
多巴胺以及一组新型的选择性和非选择性外周多巴胺能受体效应剂正在接受评估，用于治疗各种心血管疾病，包括休克、充血性心力衰竭（CHF）和系统性高血压。相对低剂量静脉注射的多巴胺会刺激外周DA1受体（介导不同血管床的动脉血管舒张）和DA2受体（介导去甲肾上腺素释放的抑制）。异波帕明是一种新型口服非特异性外周多巴胺能激动剂，其活性代谢产物（依匹宁）正在CHF患者中进行评估。非诺多泮是一种选择性外周DA1激动剂，目前正在开发用于高血压急症的肠胃外治疗。多培沙明是一种肠胃外用药，可选择性激活DA1和β2肾上腺素能受体，正在CHF患者和术后左心室功能障碍患者中进行评估。一组选择性DA2受体激动剂正在作为系统性高血压的长期治疗进行评估。
