Julien K C, Buschang P H, Throckmorton G S, Dechow P C
Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX 75246, USA.
Arch Oral Biol. 1996 Jan;41(1):69-75. doi: 10.1016/0003-9969(95)00098-4.
Previous studies have paid little attention to either the development or sexual dimorphism of masticatory performance. The aim of this study was to measure and compare the masticatory performance of adults and children. Forty-seven healthy and normal individuals (15 adult men, 15 adult women, 15 young girls and 2 young boys) were selected, based on their occlusion, temporomandibular joint function, skeletal classification, and the state of their dentition. Masticatory performance was evaluated by the individual's ability to break down a standardized bolus. Cuttersil impression material was chewed for 20 strokes, spat out, dried, and passed through a series of seven sieves. The Rosin-Rammler equation was used to calculate the median particle size and broadness of particle distribution. Measurements of dentitional surface area, contact area, bite force, mandibular morphology, and body size were also taken as covariates. The results showed significant differences in masticatory performance among the three larger groups; men performed best, followed by women then girls. Multiple regression analyses showed that body size was the most important variable associated with differences in masticatory performance. Adjusting for weight eliminated the group differences. Body size, together with the occlusal contact area of the posterior teeth and the bite force, explained 60-72 percent of the variation in performance. Contact area, posterior ramus height, and bite force explained differences between men and women, but differences between adults and children remained.
以往的研究很少关注咀嚼性能的发育或性别差异。本研究的目的是测量和比较成年人与儿童的咀嚼性能。基于咬合、颞下颌关节功能、骨骼分类和牙列状况，选取了47名健康正常个体（15名成年男性、15名成年女性、15名年轻女孩和2名年轻男孩）。通过个体分解标准化食团的能力来评估咀嚼性能。将Cuttersil印模材料咀嚼20次，吐出、干燥，然后通过一系列七个筛子。使用罗辛-拉姆勒方程计算中位粒径和颗粒分布的宽度。牙列表面积、接触面积、咬合力、下颌形态和身体尺寸的测量也作为协变量。结果显示，三个较大群体之间的咀嚼性能存在显著差异；男性表现最佳，其次是女性，然后是女孩。多元回归分析表明，身体尺寸是与咀嚼性能差异相关的最重要变量。调整体重后消除了组间差异。身体尺寸，连同后牙的咬合接触面积和咬合力，解释了性能变化的60%-72%。接触面积、下颌支后缘高度和咬合力解释了男性和女性之间的差异，但成年人和儿童之间的差异仍然存在。
