Thompson L L, Riggs P D, Mikulich S K, Crowley T J
University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver 80220, USA.
J Abnorm Child Psychol. 1996 Jun;24(3):325-47. doi: 10.1007/BF01441634.
We examined adolescents with conduct disorder (CD) and substance problems to determine if those with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptomatology had more severe delinquency and substance involvement. ADHD symptomatology was assessed in two ways: (1) by self-reports using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children (DISC) and (2) by use of DISC plus reports of others (parents, program staff, and program teacher). We divided boys into three ADHD groups based on DISC: those who met criteria, those who reported at least eight current symptoms, and those who reported fewer than eight symptoms. We also divided the same boys into two groups: those with reports of ADHD by two or more sources and those without this multisource ADHD. Examining these definitions of ADHD revealed that boys with either self- or multisource ADHD had more CD symptoms, earlier age of CD onset, more substance dependence diagnoses, and more comorbid depression and anxiety.
我们对患有品行障碍（CD）和物质问题的青少年进行了检查，以确定那些有注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）症状的青少年是否有更严重的犯罪行为和物质使用问题。ADHD症状通过两种方式进行评估：（1）使用儿童诊断访谈量表（DISC）进行自我报告，以及（2）使用DISC加上他人（父母、项目工作人员和项目教师）的报告。我们根据DISC将男孩分为三个ADHD组：符合标准的男孩、报告至少八种当前症状的男孩以及报告少于八种症状的男孩。我们还将相同的男孩分为两组：有两个或更多来源报告患有ADHD的男孩和没有这种多源ADHD报告的男孩。对这些ADHD定义的研究表明，无论是自我报告还是多源报告患有ADHD的男孩都有更多的CD症状、更早的CD发病年龄、更多的物质依赖诊断以及更多的共病抑郁和焦虑。
