Pavlik V N, Hyman D J, Vallbona C, Dunn J K, Louis K, Dewey C M, Wieck L, Toronjo C
Department of Community Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston TX 77030, USA. <
Public Health Rep. 1996 Sep-Oct;111(5):444-50.
To evaluate the response rates when random digit dialing was used as a substitute for geographic area sampling and household interviews to recruit 2100 African Americans for a blood pressure measurement and hypertension-related knowledge and attitudes survey.
Random digit dialing was used to identify African American adults living in 12 low-income ZIP code areas of Houston, Texas. A brief survey of hypertension awareness and treatment was administered to all respondents. Those who self-identified as African American were invited to a community location for blood pressure measurement and an extended personal interview. An incentive of $10 was offered for the completed clinic visit. A substudy of nonrespondents was carried out to test the effectiveness of a $25 incentive in increasing the response rate. Data from the initial random telephone interview were used to identify differences between those who did and did not attend the measurement session.
Ninety-four percent of eligible persons contacted completed the telephone survey, and 65% agreed to visit a central community site for blood pressure measurement. In spite of the financial incentive and multiple attempts to reschedule missed appointments, only 26% of the 65% who agreed to attend completed the scheduled visit. In the substudy of the higher financial incentive, all of those who missed the original appointment agreed to another appointment, and 85% of this subgroup kept it. Not being employed full-time and a history of hypertension were consistently associated with agreement to be measured and keeping an appointment. In spite of the low response rate for scheduled appointments, differences--other than in employment status and a history of hypertension--between responders and nonresponders were small and consistent with what is usually observed in health surveys.
The use of random digit dialing as a substitute for area sampling and household screening resulted in unacceptably low response rates in the study population and should not be undertaken without further research on ways to increase response rates.
评估在一项针对2100名非裔美国人的血压测量以及高血压相关知识和态度调查中，使用随机数字拨号代替地理区域抽样和入户访谈时的应答率。
采用随机数字拨号来识别居住在得克萨斯州休斯顿12个低收入邮政编码区域的非裔美国成年人。对所有受访者进行了一项关于高血压知晓和治疗的简短调查。那些自我认定为非裔美国人的受访者被邀请到一个社区地点进行血压测量和一次深入的个人访谈。完成门诊就诊可获得10美元的奖励。对未应答者进行了一项子研究，以测试25美元奖励在提高应答率方面的有效性。最初随机电话访谈的数据被用于识别参加和未参加测量环节的受访者之间的差异。
94%的被联系的符合条件者完成了电话调查，65%的人同意前往一个中心社区地点进行血压测量。尽管有经济奖励以及多次尝试重新安排错过的预约，但在同意参加的65%的人中，只有26%的人完成了预定的就诊。在更高经济奖励的子研究中，所有错过原预约的人都同意了另一次预约，并且该亚组中有85%的人遵守了预约。未全职工作和有高血压病史一直与同意接受测量和遵守预约相关。尽管预定预约的应答率较低，但应答者和未应答者之间除就业状况和高血压病史外的差异很小，且与健康调查中通常观察到的情况一致。
在本研究人群中，使用随机数字拨号代替区域抽样和家庭筛查导致了不可接受的低应答率，在没有进一步研究提高应答率方法的情况下不应采用。
